Beyene Getenet, Tasew Haimanot
Department of Laboratory Sciences and Pathology, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2014 Feb 5;13:10. doi: 10.1186/1476-0711-13-10.
Diarrheal disease continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality among young children in developing countries including Ethiopia. Globally, intestinal parasite, Shigella and Salmonella species remain major contributors to acute enteric infections. The study was aimed at determining the frequency of intestinal parasite, Shigella and Salmonella species identified from diarrheic children at Jimma Health Centre, Jimma south west Ethiopia.
A health institution based cross sectional study was conducted from March to November 2012. A structured questionnaire was used for collection of data on socio- demographic characteristics. Parasite and bacteria identification as well as susceptibility testing was done using standard parasitological and bacteriological procedures.
A total of 260 diarrheal children were included in the study. A total of 129 (49.6%) samples were positive for intestinal parasite, Shigella and Salmonella species. Of these, 107 (41.1%), 6 (2.3%) and 16 (6.2%) samples were positive for intestinal parasite, Shigella and Salmonella species respectively. The dominant isolated parasite was G. lamblia with prevalence of 13.5% followed by A. lumbricoides (11.5%). The least identified parasites were Schistosoma mansoni and Taenia species accounting 0.4% each. Multiple parasitic infections were observed in 19 (7.3%) patients. Shigella species showed hundred percent resistances to ampicillin, amoxacillin, and cotrimoxazole. All Salmonella isolates were resistant against amoxicillin. All Shigella and Salmonella species were susceptible to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and gentamycin.
The presence of reasonably high amount of intestinal parasite and Salmonella and Shigella species that are drug resistance to the commonly prescribed drugs is a treat to the children and community at large. Therefore, measures including health education, improvement of safe water supply, sanitation facilities and continuous monitoring of microbiological and antimicrobial surveillance is crucial.
腹泻病仍然是包括埃塞俄比亚在内的发展中国家幼儿发病和死亡的重要原因。在全球范围内，肠道寄生虫、志贺氏菌和沙门氏菌仍然是急性肠道感染的主要病因。本研究旨在确定从埃塞俄比亚西南部吉马健康中心腹泻儿童中分离出的肠道寄生虫、志贺氏菌和沙门氏菌的频率。
2012年3月至11月进行了一项基于卫生机构的横断面研究。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口学特征数据。采用标准寄生虫学和细菌学程序进行寄生虫和细菌鉴定以及药敏试验。
本研究共纳入260名腹泻儿童。共有129份（49.6%）样本的肠道寄生虫、志贺氏菌和沙门氏菌检测呈阳性。其中，分别有107份（41.1%）、6份（2.3%）和16份（6.2%）样本的肠道寄生虫、志贺氏菌和沙门氏菌检测呈阳性。分离出的主要寄生虫是蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫，患病率为13.5%，其次是蛔虫（11.5%）。鉴定出最少的寄生虫是曼氏血吸虫和带绦虫，各占0.4%。19名（7.3%）患者观察到多重寄生虫感染。志贺氏菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林和复方新诺明表现出100%的耐药性。所有沙门氏菌分离株对阿莫西林耐药。所有志贺氏菌和沙门氏菌对头孢曲松、环丙沙星和庆大霉素敏感。
存在数量相当多的肠道寄生虫以及对常用药物耐药的沙门氏菌和志贺氏菌，这对儿童和整个社区都是一种威胁。因此，包括健康教育、改善安全供水、卫生设施以及持续监测微生物学和抗菌药物监测等措施至关重要。
