A Systematic review on Prevalence, Serotypes and Antibiotic resistance of in Ethiopia, 2010-2022.

BACKGROUND

In Ethiopia, salmonellosis is one of the most common zoonotic and foodborne illnesses. Ethiopia continues to be at risk for its fast-expanding medication resistance. For the development of preventative and control methods, summarized knowledge regarding salmonellosis is necessary. Determining a thorough evaluation of the prevalence, serotypes, and antibiotic resistance of in humans and animals from January 1, 2010, to December 30, 2022, in Ethiopia was our goal.

METHODS

To find related articles that published in English, we used the Google Scholar and PubMed search engines. Three researchers conducted the eligible studies using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist, making sure to include the necessary keywords. If studies were duplicates, incomplete publications, or reported without an antimicrobial test were excluded. Excel 2013 was used to calculate frequencies and tabulate data.

RESULTS

There were a total of 43 investigations from food handlers, diarrhoeic patients, and animals. The prevalence rates ranged from 1% to 10% and 1% to 13% among food handlers and diarrhoea patients, respectively. The highest prevalence was among pigs (41.6%). S. Anatum in animals and S. Typhimurium in people were the predominant serotypes. Amoxicillin and ampicillin were claimed to be 100% resistant in human studies. The highest recorded resistances for ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin were 16.7% and 100%, respectively. Animal studies revealed that resistances to ampicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline were 100%, 90%, 86.4%, respectively. S. Kentucky showed complete resistance to tetracycline, ampicillin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and streptomycin.

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of among asymptomatic food handlers, diarrheal patients and animals were high in Ethiopia. S. Typhimurium that have the zoonotic importance was presented predominantly in human study. High levels of resistances were showed to tetracycline, ampicillin and streptomycin in animal studies. Salmonellosis prevention and control techniques should be strengthened.