Samie A, Guerrant R L, Barrett L, Bessong P O, Igumbor E O, Obi C L
Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2009 Dec;27(6):739-45. doi: 10.3329/jhpn.v27i6.4325.
In the present study, a cross-sectional survey of intestinal parasitic and bacterial infections in relation to diarrhoea in Vhembe district and the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of isolated bacterial pathogens was conducted. Stool samples were collected from 528 patients attending major public hospitals and 295 children attending two public primary schools and were analyzed by standard microbiological and parasitological techniques. Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (34.2%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (25.5%) were the most common parasitic causes of diarrhoea among the hospital attendees while Giardia lamblia (12.8%) was the most common cause of diarrhoea among the primary school children (p < 0.05). Schistosoma mansoni (14.4%) was more common in non-diarrhoeal samples at both hospitals (16.9%) and schools (17.6%). Campylobacter spp. (24.9%), Aeromonas spp. (20.8%), and Shigella spp. (8.5%) were the most common bacterial causes of diarrhoea among the hospital attendees while Campylobacter (12.8%) and Aeromonas spp. (12.8%) were most common in diarrhoeal samples from school children. Vibrio spp. was less common (3% in the hospitals) and were all associated with diarrhoea. Antimicrobial resistance was common among the bacterial isolates but ceftriaxone (91%) and ciprofloxacin (88.6%) showed stronger activities against all the organisms. The present study has demonstrated that E. histolytica/dispar, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Cyclospora are common parasitic causes of diarrhoea in Vhembe district while Campylobacter spp. and Aeromonas are the most common bacterial causes of diarrhoea in Vhembe district of South Africa.
在本研究中，对姆贝区肠道寄生虫和细菌感染与腹泻的关系进行了横断面调查，并对分离出的细菌病原体的抗菌药物敏感性进行了分析。从528名到大型公立医院就诊的患者以及295名就读于两所公立小学的儿童中采集粪便样本，并采用标准微生物学和寄生虫学技术进行分析。在医院就诊者中，溶组织内阿米巴/迪斯帕内阿米巴（34.2%）和隐孢子虫属（25.5%）是腹泻最常见的寄生虫病因，而在小学生中，蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫（12.8%）是腹泻最常见的病因（p<0.05）。曼氏血吸虫（14.4%）在两所医院（16.9%）和学校（17.6%）的非腹泻样本中更为常见。弯曲杆菌属（24.9%）、气单胞菌属（20.8%）和志贺菌属（8.5%）是医院就诊者腹泻最常见的细菌病因，而弯曲杆菌（12.8%）和气单胞菌属（12.8%）在小学生腹泻样本中最为常见。弧菌属较少见（在医院中为3%），且均与腹泻有关。细菌分离株中耐药现象普遍，但头孢曲松（91%）和环丙沙星（88.6%）对所有菌株均表现出较强的活性。本研究表明，溶组织内阿米巴/迪斯帕内阿米巴、隐孢子虫、贾第虫和环孢子虫是姆贝区腹泻常见的寄生虫病因，而弯曲杆菌属和气单胞菌是南非姆贝区腹泻最常见的细菌病因。
