Chelsea School Research Centre, University of Brighton , Gaudick Road, Eastbourne, UK.
Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter, UK.
J Sports Sci Med. 2005 Dec 1;4(4):437-45. eCollection 2005 Dec.
The purpose of this study was to compare the VO2 kinetic and mechanical power responses of boys and men to all out 90 s sprint cycle exercise. Eight boys (14.6 ± 0.3 y) and eight men (33.8 ± 6.5 y) volunteered to participate and completed a ramp test (to determine VO2peak and ventilatory threshold, VT) and then on subsequent days, two 90 s all out cycle sprints on an isokinetic cycle ergometer. During each test, breath-by-breath pulmonary gas exchange and power output were measured. Parameters from the power output profiles were derived from the average response of the two tests including peak power (PP, highest power output in 1 s), end power (EP60-90, power over the last 30 s), and mean power over the 90 s (MP90). Independent pairwise and dependent t-tests were used to compare the data from tests between adults and boys subject groups. Significant differences between adults and boys were found for absolute PP (881.4 ± 60.7 vs 533.6 ± 50.7 W), EP60-90 (288.6 ± 25.7 vs 134.3 ± 17.6 W) and MP90 (434.5 ± 27.4 vs 238.4 ± 17.3 W, p =0.001) respectively. Relative to body mass significant differences between adults and boys were found for EP60-90, MP90 and total work (p < 0.002). The boys attained 90 s VO2 values that were closer to VO2peak than their adult counterparts (93.3 ± 2.6 vs 84.9 ± 2.3 %, p = 0.03). They also demonstrated faster VO2 kinetics (10.8 ± 1.5 vs 17.6 ± 1.0 s, p < 0.01). In conclusion, during all out 90 s cycle sprinting boys were able to attain VO2 values that were closer to VO2peak and a faster time constant than adult men. These findings provide insight into the contribution and speed of response of the aerobic system during an 'anaerobic' test. Key PointsThe results of this study confirm the significant contributions of the aerobic energy systems during so called 'anaerobic tests'.Boys were able to attain VO2 values from an all out 90 s sprint cycle that were closer to their aerobic VO2 peak test than adults. More detailed studies are required to investigate the limiting factors that prevent VO2 peak being reached in an all out sprint cycle.All out tests of a duration > 30 s and coupled with gas and power analyses offer paediatric physiologists considerable scope to examine the contributions of the anaerobic and aerobic energy systems until more ethically viable methods are found.
本研究旨在比较男孩和男性在全力 90 秒冲刺自行车运动中的 VO2 动力学和机械功率反应。8 名男孩（14.6±0.3 岁）和 8 名男性（33.8±6.5 岁）自愿参加，并完成了斜坡测试（以确定 VO2peak 和通气阈，VT），然后在随后的几天里，在等速测力计上进行了两次 90 秒全力自行车冲刺。在每次测试中，通过呼吸测量肺气体交换和功率输出。从功率输出曲线中得出了来自两次测试的参数，包括峰值功率（PP，1 秒内的最高功率输出）、末端功率（EP60-90，最后 30 秒的功率）和 90 秒内的平均功率（MP90）。使用独立的配对和依赖 t 检验比较了成人和男孩实验组之间的测试数据。成人和男孩在绝对 PP（881.4±60.7 对 533.6±50.7 W）、EP60-90（288.6±25.7 对 134.3±17.6 W）和 MP90（434.5±27.4 对 238.4±17.3 W）方面存在显著差异（p=0.001）。与体重相比，成人和男孩在 EP60-90、MP90 和总功方面存在显著差异（p<0.002）。男孩达到的 90 秒 VO2 值比成人更接近 VO2peak（93.3±2.6 对 84.9±2.3%，p=0.03）。他们还表现出更快的 VO2 动力学（10.8±1.5 对 17.6±1.0 s，p<0.01）。总之，在全力 90 秒自行车冲刺中，男孩能够达到更接近 VO2peak 的 VO2 值和更快的时间常数，而成年男性则不能。这些发现为“无氧”测试期间有氧系统的贡献和反应速度提供了一些启示。关键点本研究的结果证实了在所谓的“无氧测试”中，有氧能量系统的重要贡献。男孩在全力 90 秒冲刺自行车中能够达到的 VO2 值比成人更接近他们的有氧 VO2 峰值测试。需要更详细的研究来研究阻止在全力冲刺自行车中达到 VO2 峰值的限制因素。持续时间>30 秒的全力测试并结合气体和功率分析为儿科生理学家提供了相当大的研究范围，以检查无氧和有氧能量系统的贡献，直到找到更符合伦理的可行方法。
