Departamento de Biociências, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Térreo, Vila Mathias, Santos, SP, Brazil.
Lipids Health Dis. 2014 Feb 5;13:26. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-13-26.
Previously, we showed that the intake of trans fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation triggers a pro-inflammatory status in the offspring. On the other hand, prebiotics can alter the intestinal environment, reducing serum lipopolysaccharides (LPS) concentrations. This study evaluated the effect of the oligofructose 10% diet supplementation in the presence or absence of hydrogenated vegetable fat during pregnancy and lactation on the development, endotoxemia and bacterial composition of 21-d-old offspring.
On the first day of pregnancy rats were divided into four groups: control diet (C), control diet supplemented with 10% oligofructose (CF), diet enriched with hydrogenated vegetable fat, rich in TFA (T) or diet enriched with hydrogenated vegetable fat supplemented with 10% oligofructose (TF). Diets were maintained during pregnancy and lactation. At birth, 7th, 14th and 21th, pups were weighed and length was measured. Serum concentrations of LPS and free fatty acids (FFA) were performed by specific kits. Bacterial DNA present in faeces was determined by real-time PCR. Data were expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean and the statistical analysis was realized by ANOVA two-way and ANOVA for repeated measures. p < 0.05 was considered significant.
We observed that the oligofructose (10%) supplementation during pregnancy and lactation reduced body weight, body weight gain, length and serum FFA in the CF and TF group compared to C and T group respectively, of the 21-day-old offspring, accompanied by an increase in serum LPS and genomic DNA levels of lactobacillus spp. on faeces of the CF group in relation to C group.
In conclusion, dam's diet supplementation with 10% of oligofructose during pregnancy and lactation, independent of addition with hydrogenated vegetable fat, harms the offspring development, alters the bacterial composition and increases the serum concentrations of lipopolysaccharides in 21d-old pups.
此前，我们发现母体在妊娠和哺乳期摄入反式脂肪酸会引发后代的炎症状态。另一方面，益生元可以改变肠道环境，降低血清脂多糖（LPS）浓度。本研究评估了在妊娠和哺乳期添加 10%低聚果糖或不添加氢化植物油的饮食对 21 日龄仔鼠发育、内毒素血症和细菌组成的影响。
在妊娠的第一天，将大鼠分为四组：对照组（C）、对照组添加 10%低聚果糖（CF）、富含 TFA 的氢化植物油饮食（T）或富含氢化植物油饮食添加 10%低聚果糖（TF）。妊娠和哺乳期维持饮食。在出生、第 7、14 和 21 天，测量幼仔体重和体长。通过特定试剂盒检测血清中 LPS 和游离脂肪酸（FFA）的浓度。通过实时 PCR 检测粪便中细菌 DNA 的存在。数据表示为均值±均值的标准误差，通过双向 ANOVA 和重复测量 ANOVA 进行统计分析。p<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
我们发现，妊娠和哺乳期添加 10%低聚果糖（CF 和 TF 组）使 21 日龄仔鼠的体重、体重增加、体长和血清 FFA 降低，而 C 和 T 组则升高，同时血清 LPS 和粪便中乳杆菌 spp.的基因组 DNA 水平也升高。
综上所述，母体在妊娠和哺乳期补充 10%低聚果糖（无论是否添加氢化植物油）都会损害仔鼠的发育，改变其细菌组成，并增加 21 日龄仔鼠的血清 LPS 浓度。
