Mira José J, Ortiz Lidia, Lorenzo Susana, Royuela Catalina, Vitaller Julián, Pérez-Jover Virtudes
Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain.
Med Princ Pract. 2014;23(3):246-52. doi: 10.1159/000358225. Epub 2014 Feb 7.
To analyse information about the errors made by diabetic and renal patients based on information provided by professionals (general practitioners, specialists, and nurses) and the patients themselves.
A descriptive study was carried out by interviewing 199 patients and 60 professionals from the Spanish provinces of Alicante and Madrid. The interview explored the frequencies and types of oversights, confusions, and misinterpretations and the factors that contributed to them.
Among the 199 patients, 59 (29.5%) and 42 (70%) of the 60 professionals considered that patients frequently made errors that affected the success of their treatment. There were no differences in the frequency of the reported errors based on gender (p = 0.7), educational level (p = 0.9), or marital status (p = 0.5). The most commonly reported errors were taking the wrong medication (n = 70; 35%) and mixing up medicines (n = 15; 7.5%). Diabetics who had not been adequately informed, compared to renal patients, reported a higher number of errors (p = 0.02).
Patient errors were frequent because of communication failures and confusions. Diabetic patients had a higher chance of committing an error than renal patients. Patient education must include clear and personalized instructions for improving self-care and reducing risks when using medicines.
根据专业人员（全科医生、专科医生和护士）以及患者自身提供的信息，分析糖尿病患者和肾病患者所犯错误的相关信息。
通过对来自西班牙阿利坎特省和马德里省的199名患者及60名专业人员进行访谈，开展了一项描述性研究。访谈探讨了疏忽、混淆和误解的频率及类型，以及导致这些情况的因素。
在199名患者中，60名专业人员中有59名（29.5%）和42名（70%）认为患者经常犯影响治疗效果的错误。所报告错误的频率在性别（p = 0.7）、教育程度（p = 0.9）或婚姻状况（p = 0.5）方面没有差异。最常报告的错误是服用错误的药物（n = 70；35%）和混淆药物（n = 15；7.5%）。与肾病患者相比，未得到充分告知的糖尿病患者报告的错误数量更多（p = 0.02）。
由于沟通不畅和混淆，患者错误很常见。糖尿病患者犯错误的几率高于肾病患者。患者教育必须包括清晰且个性化的指导，以改善自我护理并降低用药风险。
