Department of Clinical Microbiology, Education and Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
Microbiology Research Unit, Division of Oral Biosciences, School of Dental Science and Dublin Dental University Hospital, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Dublin, Trinity College, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
J Hosp Infect. 2014 Mar;86(3):201-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2013.12.005. Epub 2014 Jan 8.
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can be recovered from hospital air and from environmental surfaces. This poses a potential risk of transmission to patients.
To investigate associations between MRSA isolates recovered from air and environmental surfaces with those from patients when undertaking extensive patient and environmental sampling.
This was a prospective observational study of patients and their environment in eight wards of a 700-bed tertiary care hospital during 2010 and 2011. Sampling of patients, air and surfaces was carried out on all ward bays, with more extended environmental sampling in ward high-dependency bays and at particular times of the day. The genetic relatedness of isolates was determined by DNA microarray profiling and spa typing.
MRSA was recovered from 30/706 (4.3%) patients and from 19/132 (14.4%) air samples. On 9/132 (6.8%) occasions both patient and air samples yielded MRSA. In 32 high-dependency bays, MRSA was recovered from 12/161 (7.4%) patients, 8/32 (25%) air samples, and 21/644 (3.3%) environmental surface samples. On 10/132 (7.6%) occasions, MRSA was isolated from air in the absence of MRSA-positive patients. Patient demographic data combined with spa typing and DNA microarray profiling revealed four likely transmission clusters, where patient and environmental isolates were deemed to be very closely related.
Air sampling yielded MRSA on frequent occasions, especially in high-dependency bays. Environmental and air sampling combined with patient demographic data, spa typing and DNA microarray profiling indicated the presence of clusters that were not otherwise apparent.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）可从医院空气和环境表面中回收。这构成了向患者传播的潜在风险。
在对大量患者和环境进行采样时，调查从空气中和环境表面回收的 MRSA 分离株与从患者中回收的分离株之间的关联。
这是 2010 年至 2011 年期间对一家 700 张床位的三级保健医院的 8 个病房的患者及其环境进行的前瞻性观察研究。对所有病房进行了患者、空气和表面的采样，在病房高依赖病房和特定时间进行了更广泛的环境采样。通过 DNA 微阵列分析和 spa 分型确定分离株的遗传相关性。
从 30/706（4.3%）名患者和 19/132（14.4%）份空气样本中回收了 MRSA。在 9/132（6.8%）的情况下，患者和空气样本均产生了 MRSA。在 32 个高依赖病房中，从 12/161（7.4%）名患者、8/32（25%）份空气样本和 21/644（3.3%）份环境表面样本中回收了 MRSA。在 10/132（7.6%）的情况下，空气中分离出了 MRSA，而没有 MRSA 阳性患者。将患者人口统计学数据与 spa 分型和 DNA 微阵列分析相结合，发现了四个可能的传播群集，其中患者和环境分离株被认为非常密切相关。
空气采样频繁地产生了 MRSA，尤其是在高依赖病房中。环境和空气采样结合患者人口统计学数据、spa 分型和 DNA 微阵列分析表明，存在着其他情况下不明显的集群。
