Viral Recombination Section, HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Viral Recombination Section, HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Virology. 2014 Apr;454-455:362-70. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.01.019. Epub 2014 Feb 14.
As a member of the retrovirus family, HIV-1 packages its RNA genome into particles and replicates through a DNA intermediate that integrates into the host cellular genome. The multiple genes encoded by HIV-1 are expressed from the same promoter and their expression is regulated by splicing and ribosomal frameshift. The full-length HIV-1 RNA plays a central role in viral replication as it serves as the genome in the progeny virus and is used as the template for Gag and GagPol translation. In this review, we summarize findings that contribute to our current understanding of how full-length RNA is expressed and transported, cis- and trans-acting elements important for RNA packaging, the locations and timing of RNA:RNA and RNA:Gag interactions, and the processes required for this RNA to be packaged into viral particles.
作为逆转录病毒家族的一员，HIV-1 将其 RNA 基因组包装成颗粒，并通过整合到宿主细胞基因组中的 DNA 中间体进行复制。HIV-1 编码的多个基因由同一个启动子表达，其表达受剪接和核糖体移码调节。全长 HIV-1 RNA 在病毒复制中起着核心作用，因为它作为子代病毒的基因组，并用作 Gag 和 GagPol 翻译的模板。在这篇综述中，我们总结了有助于我们理解全长 RNA 如何表达和运输的发现、对 RNA 包装很重要的顺式和反式作用元件、RNA:RNA 和 RNA:Gag 相互作用的位置和时间，以及将这种 RNA 包装到病毒颗粒中所需的过程。
