Bellemain V
Conseil National de l'Alimentation, 251 rue de Vaugirard, 75732 Paris Cedex 15, France.
Rev Sci Tech. 2013 Aug;32(2):371-81. doi: 10.20506/rst.32.2.2231.
The control of animal health and food safety has undergone profound changes and is now seen in terms of a global approach, 'from the stable to the table'. The risks themselves have also evolved, principally due to changing practices, and this, coupled with increased knowledge and changes in consumer demands, has led to a more global conception of production chains. In terms of official controls, targeted control of the final food product has gradually been replaced by control of the production processes and an integrated approach to hazards throughout the production chain. This, in turn, has resulted in a new division of responsibilities among the producers (farmers), the manufacturers and the administration; namely, Veterinary Services. The areas in which veterinarians are involved have gradually been extended from animal production to all levels of the food production chain. Animal health interventions on farms are comparable to interventions in agri-food companies. Both are, or should be, included in veterinary training and education. To meet new challenges, the current trend is for Veterinary Services to be responsible for, or coordinate, sanitary interventions from the stable to the table. Coordination between Veterinary Services and other relevant authorities is a key component of good public governance, especially for effective action and optimal management of the resources available.
动物健康和食品安全的管控已发生了深刻变化，如今是以“从畜舍到餐桌”的全球方法来审视。风险本身也有所演变，主要是由于做法的改变，再加上知识的增加和消费者需求的变化，已形成了对生产链更具全局性的概念。在官方管控方面，对最终食品的针对性管控已逐渐被对生产过程的管控以及对整个生产链中危害的综合方法所取代。这进而导致了生产者（农民）、制造商和管理部门（即兽医服务部门）之间新的职责划分。兽医所涉及的领域已逐渐从动物生产扩展到食品生产链的各个层面。农场的动物健康干预与农业食品公司的干预类似。两者都已或应被纳入兽医培训和教育之中。为应对新挑战，当前的趋势是兽医服务部门负责或协调从畜舍到餐桌的卫生干预。兽医服务部门与其他相关当局之间的协调是良好公共治理的关键组成部分，特别是对于有效行动和对可用资源的优化管理而言。
