Katz Jennifer, Moore Jessica
SUNY College at Geneseo, Department of Psychology, Geneseo, NY 14454, USA.
University of Rochester Medical Center, USA.
Violence Vict. 2013;28(6):1054-67. doi: 10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-12-00113.
The present meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of bystander education programs for preventing sexual assault in college communities. Undergraduates trained in bystander education for sexual assault were expected to report more favorable attitudes, behavioral proclivities, and actual behaviors relative to untrained controls. Data from 12 studies of college students (N = 2,926) were used to calculate 32 effect sizes. Results suggested moderate effects of bystander education on both bystander efficacy and intentions to help others at risk. Smaller but significant effects were observed regarding self-reported bystander helping behaviors, (lower) rape-supportive attitudes, and (lower) rape proclivity, but not perpetration. These results provide initial support for the effectiveness of in-person bystander education training. Nonetheless, future longitudinal research evaluating behavioral outcomes and sexual assault incidence is needed.
本荟萃分析评估了旁观者教育项目在预防大学社区性侵犯方面的有效性。预计接受过性侵犯旁观者教育培训的本科生相对于未受过培训的对照组，会报告更积极的态度、行为倾向和实际行为。来自12项大学生研究（N = 2,926）的数据用于计算32个效应量。结果表明，旁观者教育对旁观者效能和帮助处于危险中的他人的意图有中等程度的影响。在自我报告的旁观者帮助行为、（较低的）支持强奸的态度和（较低的）强奸倾向方面观察到较小但显著的影响，但在犯罪行为方面没有。这些结果为面对面旁观者教育培训的有效性提供了初步支持。尽管如此，仍需要未来进行纵向研究来评估行为结果和性侵犯发生率。
