Tatara Marcin R, Szabelska Anna, Krupski Witold, Tymczyna Barbara, Luszczewska-Sierakowska Iwona, Bieniaś Jarosław, Ostapiuk Monika
Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, ul, Akademicka 12, 20-950 Lublin Poland.
BMC Vet Res. 2014 Feb 19;10:45. doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-45.
Caries, enamel hypoplasia, molar incisor hipomineralization, amylogenesis imperfecta, dentine dysplasia, hypophosphatasia and other dental disorders lead to tooth mineralization disturbances and structural abnormalities, decreasing masticatory organ functions. Dental disorders in sheep can lead to premature slaughter before they have attained final stage of their reproductive life and induce economic loss due to high flock replacement costs. Growth rate, health status and meat quality of sheep depends on tooth properties and quality determining in large extent efficiency of the masticatory apparatus and initial food break up. Considering lack of basic anatomical and physiological data on teeth properties in sheep, the aim of the study was to evaluate morphometric, densitometric and mechanical traits of deciduous mandibular incisor, canine and the second premolar obtained at the slaughter age of 5 months of life.
The obtained results have shown the highest values of weight, total tooth volume, enamel volume and dentine volume in second premolar. Morphometric and mechanical parameters of incisors reached the highest values in first incisor and decreased gradually in second and third incisor, and in canine. Densitometric measurements have not revealed significant differences of the volumetric tooth mineral density in hard dental tissues between the investigated teeth.
In conclusion, proposed methodological approach is noninvasive since the deciduous teeth undergo physiological replacement with permanent teeth. Deciduous teeth can be easy collected for analyses from large animal population and may reflect mineral status and metabolism resulting from postnatal growth and development of the whole flock. In individual cases, evaluation of properties of deciduous teeth may serve for breeding selection and further reproduction of sheep possessing favorable traits of teeth and better masticatory system functions.
龋齿、釉质发育不全、磨牙切牙矿化不全、淀粉样变、牙本质发育异常、低磷酸酯酶症及其他牙齿疾病会导致牙齿矿化紊乱和结构异常，降低咀嚼器官功能。绵羊的牙齿疾病会导致其在达到生殖生命末期之前就被过早屠宰，由于羊群更换成本高昂而造成经济损失。绵羊的生长速度、健康状况和肉质取决于牙齿特性和质量，而这在很大程度上决定了咀嚼器官的效率和食物的初步分解。鉴于缺乏关于绵羊牙齿特性的基本解剖学和生理学数据，本研究的目的是评估5月龄屠宰时获得的下颌乳切牙、犬齿和第二前磨牙的形态测量、密度测量和力学特性。
所得结果表明，第二前磨牙的重量、牙齿总体积、釉质体积和牙本质体积值最高。切牙的形态测量和力学参数在第一切牙中达到最高值，在第二和第三切牙以及犬齿中逐渐降低。密度测量未发现所研究牙齿的硬组织中牙体矿物质密度存在显著差异。
总之，所提出的方法是非侵入性的，因为乳牙会被恒牙生理性替换。乳牙很容易从大量动物中收集进行分析，并且可以反映整个羊群出生后生长发育所导致的矿物质状态和代谢情况。在个别情况下，评估乳牙的特性可用于育种选择以及进一步繁殖具有良好牙齿特征和更好咀嚼系统功能的绵羊。
