Purchase N G, Fergusson J E
Sci Total Environ. 1986 Jul;52(3):239-50. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(86)90124-5.
Different sections of permanent teeth have been sampled and the lead levels estimated using carbon furnace AAS. Very high levels of lead (500-3400 micrograms g-1) and other trace metals (Cd, Cu, Fe and Zn) occur on the surface of the teeth, falling off rapidly a few micrometers into the teeth. Lead levels in the bulk enamel of incisors vary depending on the position within the tooth, the highest values occur on the lingual side near the gums and the lowest levels on the labial side near the tooth top. The ratio of the concentration of lead in enamel to dentine and to circumpulpal dentine was found to be 1:2:6, and within the dentine the lead levels were highest in the root dentine. The root dentine in the permanent teeth of eight, near complete or representative, sets of teeth was analysed for lead. The ratio ([Pb]tooth/[Pb]total set) decreased in the order: first molars greater than central incisors greater than lateral incisors greater than canines greater than premolars greater than second molars greater than third molars. This order inversely correlates with the age of formation or eruption of the teeth, i.e. the older teeth have the highest levels of lead in the dentine. Dentine appears to be the best material to use to estimate lead, particularly in relation to the integrated lead intake of a person. Dentine lead was determined in a small sample of deciduous teeth obtained from children living in rural areas. The levels were found to be slightly less than for children living in new housing urban areas and significantly less than for children living in older houses of urban areas.
对恒牙的不同部位进行了采样，并使用碳炉原子吸收光谱法估算铅含量。牙齿表面存在非常高的铅含量（500 - 3400微克/克）以及其他微量金属（镉、铜、铁和锌），这些金属在牙齿表面几微米处迅速下降。门牙牙釉质主体中的铅含量因牙齿内部位置而异，最高值出现在靠近牙龈的舌侧，最低值出现在靠近牙尖的唇侧。发现牙釉质中铅与牙本质以及与牙髓周牙本质的浓度比为1:2:6，并且在牙本质中，根牙本质中的铅含量最高。对八组近乎完整或具有代表性的恒牙的根牙本质进行了铅分析。（牙齿中铅含量/整组牙齿中铅总量）的比例按以下顺序降低：第一磨牙大于中切牙大于侧切牙大于尖牙大于前磨牙大于第二磨牙大于第三磨牙。这个顺序与牙齿形成或萌出的年龄呈负相关，即年龄较大的牙齿在牙本质中的铅含量最高。牙本质似乎是用于估算铅含量的最佳材料，特别是与一个人的综合铅摄入量相关。对从农村地区儿童获取的一小部分乳牙样本测定了牙本质铅含量。结果发现，其含量略低于居住在新建住房城市地区的儿童，且显著低于居住在城市旧住房中的儿童。
