Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Mar;123(3):676-692. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000444454.67279.7d.
Over the past three decades, medical methods of abortion have been developed throughout the world and are now a standard method of providing abortion care in the United States. Medical abortion, which involves the use of medications rather than a surgical procedure to induce an abortion, is an option for women who wish to terminate a first-trimester pregnancy. Although the method is most commonly used up to 63 days of gestation (calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period), the treatment also is effective after 63 days of gestation. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 64% of abortions are performed before 63 days of gestation (1). Medical abortions currently comprise 16.5% of all abortions in the United States and 25.2% of all abortions at or before 9 weeks of gestation (1). Mifepristone, combined with misoprostol, is the most commonly used medical abortion regimen in the United States and Western Europe; however, in parts of the world, mifepristone remains unavailable. This document presents evidence of the effectiveness, benefits, and risks of first-trimester medical abortion and provides a framework for counseling women who are considering medical abortion.
在过去的三十年中，世界各地已经开发出了多种医学堕胎方法，目前这些方法在美国已经成为提供堕胎护理的标准方法。药物流产是一种通过药物而非手术来终止早期妊娠的选择，适用于希望终止妊娠的女性。虽然该方法最常用于妊娠 63 天以内（从末次月经第一天开始计算），但在妊娠 63 天后也同样有效。疾病控制与预防中心估计，64%的堕胎手术是在妊娠 63 天之前进行的（1）。目前，在美国所有堕胎手术中，药物流产占 16.5%，在妊娠 9 周或以内的所有堕胎手术中，药物流产占 25.2%（1）。米非司酮联合米索前列醇是美国和西欧最常用的药物流产方案；然而，在世界某些地区，米非司酮仍然无法获得。本文件提供了早期药物流产的有效性、益处和风险的证据，并为考虑药物流产的女性提供了咨询框架。
