Ballesteros-Gómez A, Brandsma S H, de Boer J, Leonards P E G
Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Chemosphere. 2014 Dec;116:10-4. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.099. Epub 2014 Feb 18.
Following the phase-out of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) are increasingly used as alternative flame retardants in many products. Data on the presence of two alternative PFRs in consumer products, resorcinol bis (diphenylphosphate) (PBDPP or RDP) and bisphenol A bis (diphenylphosphate) (BPA-BDPP or BDP) is still scarce or non-existing. In this study we propose a simple extraction method and analysis by liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) coupled to a high resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF) for plastic consumer products. Detection limits were low enough for trace quantitation in plastic or electronic samples (0.001% and 0.002% w/w for PBDPP and BPA-BDPP, respectively). The APCI source provided better sensitivity and matrix effects than the commonly used ESI source for the analysis of these PFRs. Both PBDPP and BPA-BDPP were detected in 7 of the 12 products purchased in 2012 (at 0.002-0.3% w/w for PBDPP and 0.02-0.18% w/w for BPA-BDPP) while only PBDPP was found in 4 of the 13 products purchased before 2006 (0.005-7.8% w/w). In newly purchased products, PBDPP, BPA-BDPP and triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) were the most frequently detected PFRs. These results support the recent findings of our research group about high concentration levels of PBDPP and BPA-BDPP up to 0.5-1 mg g(-1) in house dust collected on electronic equipment and highlights the need for further research on these two novel PFRs.
随着多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）逐步淘汰，有机磷阻燃剂（PFRs）越来越多地在许多产品中用作替代阻燃剂。关于两种替代PFRs，即间苯二酚双（二苯基磷酸酯）（PBDPP或RDP）和双酚A双（二苯基磷酸酯）（BPA - BDPP或BDP）在消费品中的存在数据仍然稀缺或不存在。在本研究中，我们提出了一种简单的萃取方法，并通过液相色谱 - 大气压化学电离（APCI）与高分辨率飞行时间质谱（TOF）联用对塑料消费品进行分析。检测限足够低，可用于塑料或电子样品中的痕量定量（PBDPP和BPA - BDPP分别为0.001％和0.002％w / w）。对于这些PFRs的分析，APCI源比常用的ESI源提供了更好的灵敏度和基质效应。在2012年购买的12种产品中的7种中检测到了PBDPP和BPA - BDPP（PBDPP为0.002 - 0.3％w / w，BPA - BDPP为0.02 - 0.18％w / w），而在2006年之前购买的13种产品中的4种中仅发现了PBDPP（0.005 - 7.8％w / w）。在新购买的产品中，PBDPP、BPA - BDPP和磷酸三苯酯（TPHP）是最常检测到的PFRs。这些结果支持了我们研究小组最近关于在电子设备上收集的室内灰尘中PBDPP和BPA - BDPP浓度高达0.5 - 1 mg g(-1)的发现，并强调了对这两种新型PFRs进行进一步研究的必要性。
