Moreno Javier, Vouldoukis Ioannis, Schreiber Paul, Martin Virginie, McGahie David, Gueguen Sylvie, Cuisinier Anne-Marie
WHO Collaborating Centre for Leishmaniasis, Centro Nacional de Microbiologia, Instituto de Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
INSERM UMR S 945, Immunité et Infection, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2014 Apr 15;158(3-4):199-207. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.01.011. Epub 2014 Jan 28.
Canine leishmaniasis, an important zoonotic disease of dogs, is the result of an ineffective and inappropriate immune response to infection with Leishmania infantum. It is widely accepted that the appropriate immune response is characterised by a T-helper (Th)1-dominated profile in an overall mixed Th1/Th2 response. The absence of a strong Th1 response is associated with progression to the clinical disease. Thus, there is a need for an effective vaccine that could modulate the immune response to a more appropriate profile against the parasite. In this study we measured the impact of the LiESP/QA-21 canine vaccine, recently launched commercially in Europe, on selected humoral and cellular immune markers for one year after a primary vaccination course. The humoral response to vaccination was characterised by a predominantly IgG2 profile. Vaccinated dogs developed long-lasting cell-mediated immune responses against L. infantum, specifically with a stronger ability of macrophages to reduce intracellular parasite burdens in co-culture with autologous lymphocytes compared to control dogs (p=0.0002), which was correlated with induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and production of nitric oxide (NO) derivatives. These results confirm that vaccination with LiESP/QA-21 is capable of inducing an appropriate Th1-dominated immune profile which persists for a full year.
犬利什曼病是一种重要的犬类人畜共患病，是对婴儿利什曼原虫感染的免疫反应无效且不适当的结果。人们普遍认为，适当的免疫反应的特征是在整体混合的Th1/Th2反应中以辅助性T细胞（Th）1为主导。缺乏强烈的Th1反应与临床疾病的进展有关。因此，需要一种有效的疫苗，能够将免疫反应调节为针对该寄生虫的更适当的状态。在本研究中，我们测量了最近在欧洲商业推出的LiESP/QA-21犬用疫苗在初次接种疫苗疗程后一年内对选定的体液和细胞免疫标志物的影响。对疫苗接种的体液反应主要以IgG2状态为特征。接种疫苗的犬对婴儿利什曼原虫产生了持久的细胞介导免疫反应，特别是与对照犬相比，巨噬细胞在与自体淋巴细胞共培养时具有更强的降低细胞内寄生虫负荷的能力（p=0.0002），这与诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）的诱导和一氧化氮（NO）衍生物的产生相关。这些结果证实，用LiESP/QA-21疫苗接种能够诱导持续一整年的适当的以Th1为主导的免疫状态。
