Aasheim Vigdis, Waldenström Ulla, Rasmussen Svein, Espehaug Birgitte, Schytt Erica
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014 Feb 25;14:86. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-14-86.
The trend to delay motherhood to the age of 30 and beyond is established in most high-income countries but relatively little is known about potential effects on maternal emotional well-being. This study investigates satisfaction with life during pregnancy and the first three years of motherhood in women expecting their first baby at an advanced and very advanced age.
The study was based on the National Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Data on 18 565 nulliparous women recruited in the second trimester 1999-2008 were used. Four questionnaires were completed: at around gestational weeks 17 and 30, and at six months and three years after the birth. Medical data were retrieved from the national Medical Birth Register. Advanced age was defined as 32-37 years, very advanced age as ≥38 years and the reference group as 25-31 years. The distribution of satisfaction with life from age 25 to ≥40 years was investigated, and the mean satisfaction with life at the four time points was estimated. Logistic regression analyses based on generalised estimation equations were used to investigate associations between advanced and very advanced age and satisfaction with life when controlling for socio-demographic factors.
Satisfaction with life decreased from around age 28 to age 40 and beyond, when measured in gestational weeks 17 and 30, and at six months and three years after the birth. When comparing women of advanced and very advanced age with the reference group, satisfaction with life was slightly reduced in the two older age groups and most of all in women of very advanced age. Women of very advanced age had the lowest scores at all time points and this was most pronounced at three years after the birth.
First-time mothers of advanced and very advanced age reported a slightly lower degree of satisfaction with life compared with the reference group of younger women, and the age-related effect was greatest when the child was three years of age.
在大多数高收入国家，将生育年龄推迟到30岁及以上的趋势已确立，但对于其对孕产妇情绪健康的潜在影响却知之甚少。本研究调查了高龄和极高龄初产妇在孕期及产后头三年的生活满意度。
该研究基于挪威公共卫生研究所开展的挪威国家母婴队列研究（MoBa）。使用了1999年至2008年孕中期招募的18565名未生育妇女的数据。完成了四份问卷：分别在妊娠约17周和30周时，以及产后六个月和三年时。医疗数据从国家医疗出生登记处获取。高龄定义为32至37岁，极高龄定义为≥38岁，参照组为25至31岁。调查了25岁至≥40岁人群的生活满意度分布，并估计了四个时间点的生活平均满意度。在控制社会人口学因素的情况下，基于广义估计方程的逻辑回归分析用于研究高龄和极高龄与生活满意度之间的关联。
在妊娠17周和30周时，以及产后六个月和三年时进行测量，生活满意度从28岁左右开始下降，40岁及以后更是如此。将高龄和极高龄妇女与参照组进行比较时，两个年龄较大组的生活满意度略有降低，其中极高龄妇女降低最为明显。极高龄妇女在所有时间点的得分最低，在产后三年最为显著。
与年轻女性参照组相比，高龄和极高龄初产妇报告的生活满意度略低，且当孩子三岁时，年龄相关效应最为明显。
