O'Malley Patrick M
Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs Suppl. 2014;75(17):18-25. doi: 10.15288/jsads.2014.s17.18.
This article reviews changes in drinking patterns in the general U.S. population since the first appearance of the Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol in June 1940.
Contents of the three iterations of the journal (Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Journal of Studies on Alcohol, and Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs) were reviewed along with additional prominent key articles on the subject known to the author.
Early articles in the field tended to focus on alcoholics and alcoholism, usually with a biological emphasis. The earliest "scientific investigation" of drinking patterns that appeared in iterations of JSAD reported data based on a survey in 1946, and the earliest report of trends in drinking patterns compared the 1946 data with data from 1963. Since then, there have been numerous evaluations of drinking patterns in the general U.S. population.
There have been major changes over the past 75 years in the manner in which drinking patterns are measured and summarized. Perhaps the biggest change was the introduction of probability sampling. Additional major changes continue to occur, responding to technological changes (e.g., the use of computers, cell phones, and broadband connections) in how people interact with their environment.
本文回顾了自1940年6月《酒精研究季刊》首次问世以来，美国普通人群饮酒模式的变化。
对该期刊的三个版本（《酒精研究季刊》《酒精研究杂志》以及《酒精与药物研究杂志》）的内容进行了回顾，并结合作者所知的关于该主题的其他重要关键文章。
该领域早期的文章倾向于关注酗酒者和酗酒问题，通常侧重于生物学方面。在《酒精与药物研究杂志》各版本中出现的最早关于饮酒模式的“科学调查”报告了基于1946年一项调查的数据，最早的饮酒模式趋势报告将1946年的数据与1963年的数据进行了比较。从那时起，对美国普通人群的饮酒模式进行了大量评估。
在过去75年里，饮酒模式的测量和总结方式发生了重大变化。或许最大的变化是概率抽样的引入。随着人们与环境互动方式的技术变革（例如计算机、手机和宽带连接的使用），其他重大变化仍在不断出现。
