Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Vet Microbiol. 2014 May 14;170(1-2):157-61. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.01.016. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
Staphylococcus aureus is a commensal and a pathogenic bacterium that causes a wide variety of diseases in humans and animals with a high impact on public health and the livestock industry. S. aureus virulence pattern, antimicrobial resistance profile and host specialization are of great concern both in livestock and in companion animals. Concerning wild animals, S. aureus carriage and antimicrobial resistance profile has been recently investigated in free-ranging species both in aquatic and terrestrial environment. Here we report genotyping (spa typing, Multilocus Sequence Typing and SCCmec typing), virulence and antimicrobial resistance profile of four S. aureus isolated in Alpine chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), euthanized due to walking impairment and signs of disorientation. S. aureus was isolated from nasal cavities in both wild ruminant species and in soft tissue infections in chamois. A marked S. aureus genetic heterogeneity was detected: spa type t1523, sequence type 45 (Clonal Complex 45), and spa type t1328, ST22 (CC22) from the nasal cavities and the liver of a chamois kid respectively, t1773, ST700 (CC130) from an adult chamois abscess, and a new sequence type, ST2712, belonging to CC97 from the roe deer nasal cavities. One of the main findings was the confirmation that the t1328, ST22 isolate, obtained from the liver of the chamois kid, was a methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) harbouring a SCCmec cassette type IV. The set of virulence marker and toxin genes investigated showed profiles characteristic of the S. aureus lineages detected, including those of the human adapted ST (CC) 22 and ST (CC) 45 isolates.
金黄色葡萄球菌是一种共生菌和病原菌，它在人类和动物中引起各种各样的疾病，对公共卫生和畜牧业有很大的影响。金黄色葡萄球菌的毒力模式、抗生素耐药谱和宿主特异性在畜牧业和伴侣动物中都受到极大关注。关于野生动物，最近在水生和陆生环境中的自由放养物种中研究了金黄色葡萄球菌的携带情况和抗生素耐药谱。在这里，我们报告了在高山羚羊（Rupicapra r. rupicapra）和狍鹿（Capreolus capreolus）中分离的 4 株金黄色葡萄球菌的基因分型（spa 分型、多位点序列分型和 SCCmec 分型）、毒力和抗生素耐药谱，这些动物因行走障碍和定向障碍而被安乐死。金黄色葡萄球菌从这两种野生反刍动物的鼻腔和狍鹿的软组织感染中分离出来。检测到明显的金黄色葡萄球菌遗传异质性：spa 型 t1523、序列型 45（克隆复合体 45）和 spa 型 t1328、ST22（CC22）分别来自鼻腔和一只小高山羚羊的肝脏，t1773、ST700（CC130）来自一只成年高山羚羊的脓肿，以及一种新的序列型 ST2712，属于 CC97 从狍鹿的鼻腔中分离出来。主要发现之一是证实了从高山羚羊幼仔肝脏中分离出的 t1328、ST22 分离株是一株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA），携带 SCCmec 盒型 IV。所研究的一组毒力标记物和毒素基因显示出与检测到的金黄色葡萄球菌谱系特征相符的特征，包括那些适应人类的 ST（CC）22 和 ST（CC）45 分离株。
