Michigan State University, USA
Michigan State University, USA.
Autism. 2015 May;19(4):421-32. doi: 10.1177/1362361314523144. Epub 2014 Feb 24.
Adult responsiveness is related to language development both in young typically developing children and in children with autism spectrum disorders, such that parents who use more responsive language with their children have children who develop better language skills over time. This study used a micro-analytic technique to examine how two facets of maternal utterances, relationship to child focus of attention and degree of demandingness, influenced the immediate use of appropriate expressive language of preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorders (n = 28) and toddlers with typical development (n = 16) within a naturalistic mother-child play session. Mothers' use of follow-in demanding language was most likely to elicit appropriate expressive speech in both children with autism spectrum disorders and children with typical development. For children with autism spectrum disorders, but not children with typical development, mothers' use of orienting cues conferred an additional benefit for expressive speech production. These findings are consistent with the naturalistic behavioral intervention philosophy and suggest that following a child's lead while prompting for language is likely to elicit speech production in children with autism spectrum disorders and children with typical development. Furthermore, using orienting cues may help children with autism spectrum disorders to verbally respond.
成人的反应能力与儿童的语言发展有关，无论是在正常发育的儿童还是在自闭症谱系障碍的儿童中都是如此。随着时间的推移，那些与孩子交流时使用更具响应性语言的父母，其孩子的语言技能会得到更好的发展。本研究使用微观分析技术，考察了母亲话语的两个方面（与孩子注意力焦点的关系和要求程度）如何影响自闭症谱系障碍（n=28）和具有典型发展（n=16）的学龄前儿童在自然的母子游戏会话中即时使用适当的表达性语言。母亲使用后续要求性语言最有可能引起自闭症谱系障碍儿童和具有典型发展儿童的适当表达性言语。对于自闭症谱系障碍儿童，但不是具有典型发展的儿童，母亲使用定向提示为表达性言语产生提供了额外的益处。这些发现与自然主义行为干预哲学一致，并表明在提示孩子语言的同时跟随孩子的引导，很可能会引起自闭症谱系障碍儿童和具有典型发展儿童的言语产生。此外，使用定向提示可能有助于自闭症谱系障碍儿童进行口头回应。
