School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, TX, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2020 Oct;32(4):1230-1239. doi: 10.1017/S0954579420000838.
Parents play an essential role in supporting child development by providing a safe home, proper nutrition, and rich educational opportunities. In this article we focus on the role of caregiver speech in supporting development of young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We review studies from typically developing children and children with autism showing that rich and responsive caregiver speech supports language development. Autism intervention studies that target caregiver speech are reviewed as are recent scientific advances from studies of typical development. The strengths and weakness of different techniques for collecting language data from caregivers and children are reviewed, and natural language samples are recommended as best practice for language research in autism. We conclude that caregivers play a powerful role in shaping their children's development and encourage researchers to adapt parent-mediated intervention studies to acknowledge individual differences in parents by using a personalized medicine approach.
父母通过提供安全的家庭环境、适当的营养和丰富的教育机会，在支持儿童发展方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在本文中，我们重点关注照顾者言语在支持自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童发展方面的作用。我们回顾了来自正常发育儿童和自闭症儿童的研究，这些研究表明，丰富而有反应的照顾者言语支持语言发展。我们还回顾了针对照顾者言语的自闭症干预研究，以及来自典型发展研究的最新科学进展。我们还回顾了从照顾者和儿童那里收集语言数据的不同技术的优缺点，并推荐自然语言样本作为自闭症语言研究的最佳实践。我们得出结论，照顾者在塑造孩子的发展方面发挥着强大的作用，并鼓励研究人员通过采用个性化医疗方法来调整以家长为中介的干预研究，以承认父母之间的个体差异。
