Biotechnology/3rd Laboratory, Civic Hospital of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
Eur J Nutr. 2014 Dec;53(8):1685-97. doi: 10.1007/s00394-014-0675-2. Epub 2014 Feb 25.
The focus was directed to the study of two of the most lignan-rich food sources: sesame and flaxseeds. Recent epidemiological and experimental evidences suggesting that these foods may improve metabolic functions underlying metabolic syndrome (MetS).
To characterize the effect of these oilseeds on metabolic functions, we conducted an experimental study aimed at preventing adiposity and metabolic imbalance in a mouse model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MetS. Statistical analysis was performed by two-way analysis of variance test followed by post hoc Bonferroni analysis.
We studied the effect of the oilseeds sesame and flaxseed on metabolic parameters in mice on a HFD. When the HFD was integrated with 20% of sesame or flaxseed flours, the mice showed a decrease in body fat, already at day 15, from time 0. The size of the adipocytes was smaller in epididymal fat, liver steatosis was inhibited, and insulin sensitivity was higher in mice on the supplemented diets. The supplemented diets also resulted in a significant increase in the serum levels of the lignan metabolites enterodiol and enterolactone compared with the controls. The expression of genes associated with the inflammatory response, glucose metabolism, adipose metabolism and nuclear receptor were altered by the oilseed-supplemented diets. Some of the most abundant lignans in these oilseeds were studied in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells and were effective in inhibiting adipocyte differentiation at the minimal dose of 1 nM.
The consumption of sesame and flaxseed may be beneficial to decrease metabolic parameters that are generally altered in MetS.
本研究聚焦于两种富含木脂素的食物来源：芝麻和亚麻籽。最近的流行病学和实验证据表明，这些食物可能改善代谢综合征（MetS）相关的代谢功能。
为了研究这些油籽对代谢功能的影响，我们进行了一项实验研究，旨在预防高脂肪饮食（HFD）诱导的 MetS 小鼠模型中的肥胖和代谢失衡。采用双因素方差分析检验进行统计分析，随后进行事后 Bonferroni 分析。
我们研究了芝麻和亚麻籽油对 HFD 小鼠代谢参数的影响。当 HFD 中添加 20%的芝麻或亚麻籽粉时，与对照组相比，从第 0 天开始，15 天时小鼠体脂减少。附睾脂肪中的脂肪细胞体积较小，肝脂肪变性受到抑制，补充饮食的小鼠胰岛素敏感性更高。与对照组相比，补充饮食还导致血清中木脂素代谢物肠二醇和肠内酯的水平显著升高。与炎症反应、葡萄糖代谢、脂肪代谢和核受体相关的基因表达也因补充油籽的饮食而发生改变。在 3T3-L1 前体脂肪细胞中研究了这些油籽中一些最丰富的木脂素，它们在 1 nM 的最小剂量下就可有效抑制脂肪细胞分化。
食用芝麻和亚麻籽可能有益于降低 MetS 中普遍改变的代谢参数。
