Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2010 Dec;11(8):794-800. doi: 10.2174/138920110793262060.
Many natural products, including vitamin E, garlic, purpurogallin, flaxseed and its components [secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and flax lignan complex (FLC)] and resveratrol have been reported to suppress hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis. It is known that all of the drugs that suppress the development of atherosclerosis do not regress and/or slow the progression of atherosclerosis. To be of potential benefit in patients with established atherosclerosis, a drug should produce regression and/or slow the progression of atherosclerosis. In this review, the effects of vitamin E, SDG and FLC in the regression and slowing of progression of hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis and their mechanisms have been described. The effectiveness of vitamin E in patients with established coronary disease is very controversial. However, in experimental animal controlled studies, vitamin E does not regress or slow the progression of hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis. The mechanisms of the ineffectiveness of vitamin E in regression and slowing of progression of atherosclerosis have been discussed. SDG is effective in slowing the progression of atherosclerosis and partially effective in regression of hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis. These effects are associated with reduction in oxidative stress. FLC does not regress hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis but slows the progression of hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis. Slowing of progression is associated with reduction on oxidative stress. In conclusion, vitamin E does not regress or slow the progression of established atherosclerosis. SDG slows the progression and regresses established atherosclerosis. FLC does not regress but slows the progression of established atherosclerosis.
许多天然产物，包括维生素 E、大蒜、没食子酸丙酯、亚麻籽及其成分（芝麻木脂素二葡萄糖苷（SDG）和亚麻木质素复合物（FLC））和白藜芦醇，已被报道可抑制高胆固醇血症性动脉粥样硬化。众所周知，所有抑制动脉粥样硬化发展的药物都不能消退和/或减缓动脉粥样硬化的进展。为了对已患有动脉粥样硬化的患者有益，药物应该能使动脉粥样硬化消退和/或减缓其进展。在这篇综述中，描述了维生素 E、SDG 和 FLC 对高胆固醇血症性动脉粥样硬化消退和进展的减缓作用及其机制。维生素 E 在已确诊冠心病患者中的疗效存在很大争议。然而，在实验动物对照研究中，维生素 E 不能使高胆固醇血症性动脉粥样硬化消退和减缓其进展。讨论了维生素 E 在动脉粥样硬化消退和减缓进展方面无效的机制。SDG 能有效减缓动脉粥样硬化的进展，并在一定程度上能使高胆固醇血症性动脉粥样硬化消退。这些作用与氧化应激的减少有关。FLC 不能使高胆固醇血症性动脉粥样硬化消退，但能减缓高胆固醇血症性动脉粥样硬化的进展。进展减缓与氧化应激减少有关。总之，维生素 E 不能使已确立的动脉粥样硬化消退或减缓其进展。SDG 能减缓进展并使已确立的动脉粥样硬化消退。FLC 不能使高胆固醇血症性动脉粥样硬化消退，但能减缓其进展。
