Bisker Esther R, McClelland Collin M, Brown Lawrence W, Liu Grant T
Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.
J AAPOS. 2014 Feb;18(1):31-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2013.11.007.
To describe the outcome and comorbidities of ocular tics in children evaluated by a pediatric neuro-ophthalmologist.
The medical records of all consecutive patients in a pediatric neuro-ophthalmology practice diagnosed with ocular tics (eye rolling, blinking, and widening) were retrospectively reviewed. Children with known secondary causes for tics were excluded. Patients, parents, and/or guardians were contacted by telephone to obtain follow-up information.
A total of 43 patients were included in the retrospective cohort, with a mean age of 7.8 ± 4.8 years at diagnosis. Thirty-two patients participated in the follow-up survey, with an average follow-up of 6.1 ± 3.9 years. None of the 43 children carried a diagnosis of Tourette syndrome or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) at presentation; 1 child had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). At follow-up, 14 of the 32 children (44%) had persistent ocular tics, 3 (9%) reported new nonocular motor tics, 5 (16%) reported new vocal tics, and 4 (13%) developed both nonocular motor and vocal tics. One patient (3%) was formally diagnosed with Tourette syndrome during the follow-up interval, and 3 (9%) were diagnosed with ADHD.
Almost half of the children with ocular tics at presentation had persistent ocular tics on follow-up. New nonocular motor and vocal tics occurred in several patients.
描述由儿科神经眼科医生评估的儿童眼部抽动的结果及共病情况。
回顾性分析儿科神经眼科诊所中所有连续诊断为眼部抽动（眼球转动、眨眼和睁眼）的患者的病历。排除已知有抽动继发原因的儿童。通过电话联系患者、家长和/或监护人以获取随访信息。
回顾性队列共纳入43例患者，诊断时平均年龄为7.8±4.8岁。32例患者参与了随访调查，平均随访时间为6.1±3.9年。43名儿童在就诊时均未诊断为妥瑞氏综合征或强迫症（OCD）；1名儿童患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）。随访时，32名儿童中有14名（44%）存在持续性眼部抽动，3名（9%）报告出现新的非眼部运动抽动，5名（16%）报告出现新的发声抽动，4名（13%）同时出现非眼部运动和发声抽动。1例患者（3%）在随访期间被正式诊断为妥瑞氏综合征，3例（9%）被诊断为ADHD。
几乎一半就诊时患有眼部抽动的儿童在随访时仍存在持续性眼部抽动。部分患者出现了新的非眼部运动和发声抽动。
