Clumeck N, Hermans P
Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
Am J Med. 1988 Aug 29;85(2A):165-72.
Although the management of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infections has focused on the treatment of opportunistic infections, or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related cancers in end stages of the disease, therapies now aim at preventing the natural progression of the underlying disease. In addition to zidovudine many investigational drugs are proposed to treat AIDS-related complex patients. Most of these therapies can be divided into two major groups: (1) The first group includes agents with antiretroviral properties: nucleoside analogues, such as 2'-3'-dideoxycytidine and ribavirin, suramin, antimoniotungstate (heteropolyanion-23), foscarnet (phosphonoformate), interferons, peptide T, castanospermine, dextran sulfate, AL721, or ampligen. (2) The second group aims to restore the defective immune system; it includes thymosin (thymopentin), interleukin-2, cyclosporine, plasmapheresis, bone marrow transplantation, inosine, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, methionine-enkephalin and carrisyn. At present, no drug other than zidovudine has proved as monotherapy to lengthen survival of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
尽管对人类免疫缺陷病毒感染患者的管理一直侧重于治疗机会性感染或疾病终末期的获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）相关癌症，但现在的治疗旨在预防潜在疾病的自然进展。除齐多夫定外，还提出了许多研究性药物来治疗AIDS相关综合征患者。这些治疗方法大多可分为两大类：（1）第一类包括具有抗逆转录病毒特性的药物：核苷类似物，如2'-3'-双脱氧胞苷和利巴韦林、苏拉明、锑钨酸盐（杂多阴离子-23）、膦甲酸钠、干扰素、肽T、南美栗树精胺、硫酸葡聚糖、AL721或安普利近。（2）第二类旨在恢复有缺陷的免疫系统；包括胸腺素（胸腺五肽）、白细胞介素-2、环孢素、血浆置换、骨髓移植、肌苷、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠、甲硫氨酸脑啡肽和卡里辛。目前，除齐多夫定外，没有其他药物被证明作为单一疗法可延长人类免疫缺陷病毒感染患者的生存期。
