a School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong , Wollongong , 2522 , Australia.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2014;54(12):1529-38. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2011.642029.
Vegetable consumption is a key strategy in many weight loss programs but establishing the evidence that vegetable consumption per se assists with weight loss may be difficult. Creating a dietary energy deficit involves the whole diet, so research on the effects of vegetables may need to consider the whole-dietary model. The aims of this review were to examine the evidence on whether a higher vegetable consumption resulted in greater weight loss in overweight adults (compared to lower intakes) in view of a critique study designs with respect to their potential impact on outcomes. Using the PubMed search engine, a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the period 1988 to 2011 was conducted. Of the 16 RCTs scrutinized, five reported greater weight loss, nine no difference, one showed weight gain, and one reported a positive association between weight loss and high vegetable consumption. Trials which showed beneficial effects compared a healthy high vegetable diet with a control diet based on usual consumption patterns, and/or included behavioral support and counseling. On face value, the evidence reviewed appeared inconclusive but closer examination of study designs exposed important implications for RCTs that examine effects of foods on weight loss.
蔬菜摄入是许多减肥计划中的一个关键策略，但要确定蔬菜摄入本身有助于减肥的证据可能是困难的。创造饮食能量亏空需要考虑整个饮食，因此对蔬菜影响的研究可能需要考虑整个饮食模式。本综述的目的是在考虑到研究设计对结果的潜在影响的情况下，检验在超重成年人中（与低摄入量相比）更高的蔬菜摄入量是否会导致更大的体重减轻的证据。使用 PubMed 搜索引擎，对 1988 年至 2011 年期间发表的随机对照试验（RCT）进行了系统综述。在仔细审查的 16 项 RCT 中，有 5 项报告了更大的体重减轻，9 项没有差异，1 项显示体重增加，1 项报告了体重减轻与高蔬菜摄入之间的正相关关系。显示有益效果的试验将健康的高蔬菜饮食与基于常规消费模式的对照饮食进行了比较，并且/或者包括行为支持和咨询。从表面上看，审查的证据似乎没有定论，但对研究设计的更仔细检查为研究食物对减肥效果的 RCT 提出了重要的启示。
