Neale Elizabeth P, Tapsell Linda C, Guan Vivienne, Batterham Marijka J
School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
BMJ Open. 2017 Nov 22;7(11):e016863. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016863.
To examine the effect of nut consumption on inflammatory biomarkers and endothelial function.
A systematic review and meta-analysis.
MEDLINE, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (all years to 13 January 2017).
Randomised controlled trials (with a duration of 3 weeks or more) or prospective cohort designs conducted in adults; studies assessing the effect of consumption of tree nuts or peanuts on C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion protein 1 and flow-mediated dilation (FMD).
Relevant data were extracted for summary tables and analyses by two independent researchers. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted to explore weighted mean differences (WMD) in change or final mean values for each outcome.
A total of 32 studies (all randomised controlled trials) were included in the review. The effect of nut consumption on FMD was explored in nine strata from eight studies (involving 652 participants), with consumption of nuts resulting in significant improvements in FMD (WMD: 0.79%(95% CI 0.35 to 1.23)). Nut consumption resulted in small, non-significant differences in CRP (WMD: -0.01 mg/L (95% CI -0.06 to 0.03)) (26 strata from 25 studies), although sensitivity analyses suggest results for CRP may have been influenced by two individual studies. Small, non-significant differences were also found for other biomarkers of inflammation.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of nut consumption on inflammation and endothelial function found evidence for favourable effects on FMD, a measure of endothelial function. Non-significant changes in other biomarkers indicate a lack of consistent evidence for effects of nut consumption on inflammation. The findings of this analysis suggest a need for more research in this area, with a particular focus on randomised controlled trials.
CRD42016045424.
研究食用坚果对炎症生物标志物和内皮功能的影响。
系统评价和荟萃分析。
MEDLINE、PubMed、护理及相关健康文献累积索引和Cochrane对照试验中央注册库（截至2017年1月13日的所有年份）。
在成年人中进行的随机对照试验（持续时间为3周或更长）或前瞻性队列研究；评估食用坚果或花生对C反应蛋白（CRP）、脂联素、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素-6、细胞间黏附分子1、血管细胞黏附蛋白1和血流介导的血管舒张（FMD）影响的研究。
由两名独立研究人员提取相关数据用于汇总表和分析。进行随机效应荟萃分析以探讨各结局变化或最终均值的加权平均差（WMD）。
该评价共纳入32项研究（均为随机对照试验）。八项研究的九个亚组（涉及652名参与者）探讨了食用坚果对FMD的影响，食用坚果使FMD有显著改善（WMD：0.79%（95%CI 0.35至1.23））。食用坚果使CRP产生微小的、无统计学意义的差异（WMD：-0.01mg/L（95%CI -0.06至0.03））（来自25项研究的26个亚组），尽管敏感性分析表明CRP的结果可能受到两项个体研究的影响。在其他炎症生物标志物方面也发现了微小的、无统计学意义的差异。
这项关于食用坚果对炎症和内皮功能影响的系统评价和荟萃分析发现，有证据表明食用坚果对作为内皮功能指标的FMD有有益影响。其他生物标志物的无显著变化表明缺乏关于食用坚果对炎症影响的一致证据。该分析结果表明该领域需要更多研究，尤其应侧重于随机对照试验。
PROSPERO注册号：CRD42016045424。
