Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 60, Rotterdam NL-3015 GJ, The Netherlands.
Department of Neonatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Semin Perinatol. 2014 Mar;38(2):114-21. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2013.11.009.
As more and more critically ill neonates survive, it becomes important to evaluate long-term morbidity. This review aims to provide an up-to-date overview of medical and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children who as neonates received treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Most patients-except those with congenital diaphragmatic hernia-have normal lung function and normal growth at older age. Maximal exercise capacity is below normal and seems to deteriorate over time in the CDH population. Gross motor function problems have been reported until school age. Although mental development is usually favorable within the first years and cognition is normal at school age, many children experience problems with working speed, spatial ability tasks, and memory. In conclusion, children who survived neonatal treatment with ECMO often encounter neurodevelopmental problems at school age. Long-term follow-up is needed to recognize problems early and to offer appropriate intervention.
随着越来越多的危重新生儿存活下来，评估长期发病率变得尤为重要。本篇综述旨在提供最新的关于接受体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）治疗的新生儿的医学和神经发育结局的概述。除了患有先天性膈疝的患者外，大多数患者在年长时的肺功能和生长均正常。最大运动能力低于正常水平，并且在 CDH 人群中似乎随时间而恶化。粗大运动功能障碍一直持续到学龄期。尽管最初几年的精神发育通常良好，且学龄期的认知正常，但许多儿童在工作速度、空间能力任务和记忆力方面存在问题。总之，接受 ECMO 新生儿治疗的儿童在学龄期经常遇到神经发育问题。需要长期随访以早期识别问题并提供适当的干预。
