University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, NY, USA.
Compr Psychiatry. 2014 May;55(4):792-8. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.01.011. Epub 2014 Jan 29.
While research continues to document the impact of internalized stigma among persons with schizophrenia, little is known about the factors which promote stigma resistance or the ability to recognize and reject stigma. This study aimed to replicate previous findings linking stigma resistance with lesser levels of depression and higher levels of self-esteem while also examining the extent to which other factors, including metacognitive capacity and positive and negative symptoms, are linked to the ability to resist stigma.
Participants were 62 adults with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders who completed self-reports of stigma resistance, internalized stigma, self-esteem, and rater assessments of positive, negative, disorganization, and emotional discomfort symptoms, and metacognitive capacity.
Stigma resistance was significantly correlated with lower levels of acceptance of stereotypes of mental illness, negative symptoms, and higher levels of metacognitive capacity, and self-esteem. A stepwise multiple regression revealed that acceptance of stereotypes of mental illness, metacognitive capacity, and self-esteem all uniquely contributed to greater levels of stigma resistance, accounting for 39% of the variance.
Stigma resistance is related to, but not synonymous with, internalized stigma. Greater metacognitive capacity, better self-esteem, and fewer negative symptoms may be factors which facilitate stigma resistance.
尽管研究不断记录精神分裂症患者内化污名的影响，但对于促进污名抵抗或识别和拒绝污名的能力的因素知之甚少。本研究旨在复制先前的发现，即与较低的抑郁水平和较高的自尊水平相关联的污名抵抗能力，同时还检查其他因素（包括元认知能力以及正性和负性症状）与抵抗污名的能力的关联程度。
参与者为 62 名精神分裂症谱系障碍的成年人，他们完成了污名抵抗、内化污名、自尊的自我报告，以及对阳性、阴性、紊乱和情绪不适症状以及元认知能力的评定者评估。
污名抵抗与对精神疾病刻板印象的接受程度较低、负性症状较低以及元认知能力较高显著相关。逐步多元回归显示，对精神疾病刻板印象的接受程度、元认知能力和自尊均对较高的污名抵抗水平有独特贡献，解释了 39%的方差。
污名抵抗与内化污名有关，但并非同义词。更高的元认知能力、更好的自尊和更少的负性症状可能是促进污名抵抗的因素。
