Lysaker Paul H, Tsai Jack, Yanos Philip, Roe David
Day Hospital 116H, 1481 West 10th St, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis Indiana 46202, Indiana University School of Medicine, United States.
Schizophr Res. 2008 Jan;98(1-3):194-200. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2007.09.035. Epub 2007 Oct 29.
Research suggests global self-esteem among persons with schizophrenia may be negatively affected by stigma or stereotyped beliefs about persons with severe mental illness. Less clear however, is whether particular dimensions of self-esteem are linked to particular domains of stigma. To examine this we surveyed a range of self-esteem dimensions including lovability, personal power, competence and moral self-approval and four domains of stigma: Stereotype endorsement, Discrimination experience, Social withdrawal and Stigma rejection. Participants were 133 adults with diagnoses of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Stepwise multiple regressions controlling for a possible defensive response bias suggested that aspects of self-esteem related to lovability by others were more closely linked with lesser feelings of being alienated from others due to mental illness. Aspects of self-esteem related to the ability to manage one's own affairs were more closely associated with the rejection of stereotypes of mental illness. A sense of being able to influence others was linked to both the absence of discrimination experiences and the ability to ward off stigma. Implications for treatment are discussed.
研究表明，精神分裂症患者的总体自尊可能会受到对严重精神疾病患者的污名或刻板印象的负面影响。然而，尚不清楚自尊的特定维度是否与特定的污名领域相关联。为了对此进行研究，我们调查了一系列自尊维度，包括可爱程度、个人能力、能力水平和道德自我认可，以及四个污名领域：刻板印象认同、歧视经历、社交退缩和污名排斥。参与者为133名被诊断患有精神分裂症或分裂情感性障碍的成年人。控制可能的防御反应偏差的逐步多元回归表明，与他人眼中的可爱程度相关的自尊方面，与因精神疾病而较少感到被他人疏远的感觉更为密切相关。与管理自己事务的能力相关的自尊方面，与对精神疾病刻板印象的排斥更为密切相关。能够影响他人的感觉与没有歧视经历以及抵御污名的能力都有关联。文中讨论了对治疗的启示。
