McNeel Douglas G, Becker Jordan T, Johnson Laura E, Olson Brian M
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Curr Cancer Ther Rev. 2012 Nov 1;8(4):254-263. doi: 10.2174/157339412804143113.
Delivery of plasmid DNA encoding an antigen of interest has been demonstrated to be an effective means of immunization, capable of eliciting antigen-specific T cells. Plasmid DNA vaccines offer advantages over other anti-tumor vaccine approaches in terms of simplicity, manufacturing, and possibly safety. The primary disadvantage is their poor transfection efficiency and subsequent lower immunogenicity relative to other genetic vaccine approaches. However, multiple preclinical models demonstrate anti-tumor efficacy, and many efforts are underway to improve the immunogenicity and anti-tumor effect of these vaccines. Clinical trials using DNA vaccines as treatments for prostate cancer have begun, and to date have demonstrated safety and immunological effect. This review will focus on DNA vaccines as a specific means of antigen delivery, advantages and disadvantages of this type of immunization, previous experience in preclinical models and human trials specifically conducted for the treatment of prostate cancer, and future directions for the application of DNA vaccines to prostate cancer immunotherapy.
已证明递送编码感兴趣抗原的质粒DNA是一种有效的免疫手段，能够引发抗原特异性T细胞。质粒DNA疫苗在简便性、生产以及可能的安全性方面优于其他抗肿瘤疫苗方法。主要缺点是其转染效率低，相对于其他基因疫苗方法，随后的免疫原性也较低。然而，多个临床前模型证明了其抗肿瘤功效，并且正在进行许多努力以提高这些疫苗的免疫原性和抗肿瘤效果。使用DNA疫苗治疗前列腺癌的临床试验已经开始，迄今为止已证明其安全性和免疫效果。本综述将聚焦于作为抗原递送特定手段的DNA疫苗、这类免疫方法的优缺点、先前在临床前模型以及专门针对前列腺癌治疗进行的人体试验中的经验，以及DNA疫苗在前列腺癌免疫治疗中的应用未来方向。
