Bejan Anca, Parker David L, Brosseau Lisa M, Xi Min, Skan Maryellen
Park Nicollet Institute/Health Research Center, Park Nicollet Blvd., Minneapolis, MN 55416, USA.
School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Int J Occup Environ Health. 2013 Oct-Dec;19(4):363-9. doi: 10.1179/2049396713Y.0000000044.
Workplace evaluation is one of the first steps in reducing the risk of injuries and illnesses, and is part of several programs that promote a participatory approach to occupational health among small business owners. The usefulness of written safety evaluations is contingent upon non-safety professionals obtaining accurate and reliable results.
The purpose of this study was to better understand auto body shop owners' ability to correctly identify occupational health and safety issues within their businesses.
In this study, 11 auto body shop owners used a 25-question checklist, developed specifically for this industry, to identify key safety and health problems. Owner results were compared with those of an industrial hygienist (IH) experienced in using the assessment form.
The average number of safety problems identified by the IH was twice as large as the number identified by business owners (P = 0.02). The average percentage agreement of answers between owners and the IH was 81% (SD = 21%). Shop owners were more accurate in assessing the presence of written safety programs and records than the presence of unsafe work conditions. Overall, owners' sensitivity (ability to correctly identify a safety-deficient item) was low (0.22).
Collision shop owners had some difficulty correctly identifying many unsafe/non-compliant items or situations in their facility. Naïve users' ability to correctly identify potentially hazardous situations--sensitivity--should be the metric of concern for the validity of safety assessments, and efforts should be directed at bringing this number as close to one as feasible.
工作场所评估是降低受伤和患病风险的首要步骤之一，也是促进小企业主采用参与式职业健康方法的多个项目的一部分。书面安全评估的有效性取决于非安全专业人员能否获得准确可靠的结果。
本研究旨在更好地了解汽车修理店老板正确识别其企业内职业健康与安全问题的能力。
在本研究中，11位汽车修理店老板使用了专门为该行业制定的包含25个问题的清单来识别关键的安全与健康问题。将老板们的结果与一位有使用该评估表经验的工业卫生学家（IH）的结果进行比较。
工业卫生学家识别出的安全问题平均数量是企业老板识别出数量的两倍（P = 0.02）。老板与工业卫生学家答案的平均一致百分比为81%（标准差 = 21%）。与评估不安全工作条件的存在相比，店主在评估书面安全计划和记录的存在方面更准确。总体而言，老板们的敏感度（正确识别安全缺陷项目的能力）较低（0.22）。
碰撞修理店老板在正确识别其设施中许多不安全/不符合规定的项目或情况方面存在一些困难。对于安全评估的有效性而言，非专业使用者正确识别潜在危险情况的能力——敏感度——应是关注的指标，并且应努力使这一数字尽可能接近1。
