Parker David L, Brosseau Lisa M, Bejan Anca, Skan Maryellen, Xi Min
Health Research, Park Nicollet Institute, 3800 Park Nicollet Blvd., Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Am J Ind Med. 2014 Jan;57(1):78-86. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22235. Epub 2013 Aug 19.
In the United States, approximately 236,000 people work in 37,600 auto collision-repair businesses. Workers in the collision-repair industry may be exposed to a wide range of physical and chemical hazards.
This manuscript examines the relationship of safety climate as reported by collision repair shop workers and owners to: (1) an independent business safety assessment, and (2) employee self-reported work practices. The study was conducted in the Twin Cities metropolitan area.
A total of 199 workers from 49 collision shops completed a survey of self-reported work practices and safety climate. Surveys were completed by an owner or manager in all but three shops. In general, self-reported work practices were poor. Workers' scores on safety climate were uniformly lower than those of owners. For workers, there was no correlation between how well the business scored on an independent audit of business safety practices and the safety climate measures they reported. For owners, however, there was a positive correlation between safety climate scores and the business safety assessment. For workers, safety rules and procedures were associated with improved work practices for those engaged in both painting-related and body technician-related activities.
The enforcement of safety rules and procedures emerged as a strong factor positively affecting self-reported work practices. These findings identify a simple, cost effective path to reducing hazards in small workplaces.
在美国，约有23.6万人在37600家汽车碰撞修复企业工作。碰撞修复行业的工人可能会接触到各种各样的物理和化学危害。
本论文探讨了碰撞修复店工人和店主报告的安全氛围与以下两方面的关系：（1）独立的企业安全评估；（2）员工自我报告的工作行为。该研究在双子城大都市区进行。
来自49家碰撞修复店的199名工人完成了关于自我报告的工作行为和安全氛围的调查。除了三家店之外，所有店铺的调查均由店主或经理完成。总体而言，自我报告的工作行为较差。工人在安全氛围方面的得分普遍低于店主。对于工人来说，企业在商业安全实践独立审计中的得分与他们报告的安全氛围指标之间没有相关性。然而，对于店主来说，安全氛围得分与企业安全评估之间存在正相关。对于工人来说，安全规则和程序与从事喷漆相关和车身修理工相关活动的人员改进工作行为有关。
安全规则和程序的执行成为积极影响自我报告工作行为的一个重要因素。这些发现确定了一条在小型工作场所减少危害的简单且具有成本效益的途径。
