Parker David L, Bejan Anca, Brosseau Lisa M, Skan Maryellen, Xi Min
Park Nicollet Institute, Minneapolis, MN.
Am J Ind Med. 2015 Jan;58(1):88-100. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22377. Epub 2014 Sep 22.
Collision repair employs approximately 205,500 people in 33,400 shops. Workers are exposed to a diverse array of chemical, physical, and ergonomic hazards.
CARSS was based on a random and purposeful sample. Baseline and one baseline and one-year evaluations consisted of 92 questions addressing issues, such as Right-to-Know, fire protection, painting-related hazards, ergonomics, electrical safety, and personal protective equipment. Owners received a report and selected at least 30% of items found deficient for remediation. In-person and web-based services were provided.
Forty-nine shops were evaluated at baseline and 45 at follow-up. At baseline, 54% of items were present. This improved to 71% at follow-up (P < 0.0001). Respiratory protection improved 37% (P < 0.0001) and Right-to-Know training increased 30% (P < 0.0001). Owners completed 61% of items they selected for remediation.
Small businesses' interventions should address the lack of personnel and administrative infrastructure. Tailored information regarding hazards and easy-to-use training and administrative programs overcome many barriers to improvement.
碰撞修复行业在33400家店铺中雇佣了约205500名员工。员工面临各种各样的化学、物理和人体工程学危害。
汽车维修安全评估系统（CARSS）基于随机且有针对性的样本。基线评估以及一次基线和一年后的评估包含92个问题，涉及知情权、防火、油漆相关危害、人体工程学、电气安全和个人防护装备等问题。店主收到一份报告，并从发现的缺陷项目中选择至少30%进行整改。提供了现场和基于网络的服务。
基线时评估了49家店铺，随访时评估了45家。基线时，54%的项目达标。随访时这一比例提高到了71%（P < 0.0001）。呼吸防护提高了37%（P < 0.0001），知情权培训增加了30%（P < 0.0001）。店主完成了他们选择整改项目的61%。
针对小企业的干预措施应解决人员和行政基础设施不足的问题。提供关于危害的定制信息以及易于使用的培训和行政方案可克服许多改进障碍。
