Cannon Rex L, Baldwin Debora R, Diloreto Dominic J, Phillips Sherman T, Shaw Tiffany L, Levy Jacob J
Psychoeducational Network, Knoxville, TN, USA
Biological Psychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2014 Oct;45(4):238-248. doi: 10.1177/1550059413512796. Epub 2014 Mar 3.
Low-resolution brain electomagnetic tomography (LORETA) neurofeedback provides a mechanism to influence the electrical activity of the brain in intracranial space. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of LORETA neurofeedback (LNFB) in the precuneus as a mechanism for improving self-regulation in controls and a heterogeneous diagnostic group (DX). Thirteen participants completed between 10 and 20 sessions of LNFB training in a 3-voxel cluster in the left precuneus. The participants included 5 nonclinical university students, and 8 adults with heterogeneous psychiatric diagnoses. We assessed the effects of LNFB with neurophysiological measures as well as pre- and post-Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) subscales and selected subtests from the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (DKEFS). There was a significant total relative power increase at the precuneus for baseline contrasts for the control group. The DX group did not reach significant levels. All participants showed improvements in executive functions and tended to report significantly less psychopathology. The basic neural mechanisms of self-regulation are poorly understood. The data obtained in this study demonstrate that LNFB in a heterogeneous population enhances executive functions while concordantly decreasing endorsement of psychological symptoms. The alpha frequency in the brain may represent integrative functioning relative to operant efficiency and self-regulatory mechanisms.
低分辨率脑电磁断层扫描（LORETA）神经反馈提供了一种影响颅内空间大脑电活动的机制。本研究的目的是确定作为改善对照组和异质性诊断组（DX）自我调节机制的楔前叶LORETA神经反馈（LNFB）的效果。13名参与者在左侧楔前叶的一个3体素簇中完成了10至20次LNFB训练。参与者包括5名非临床大学生和8名患有异质性精神疾病诊断的成年人。我们通过神经生理学测量以及人格评估量表（PAI）分量表的前后测和德利斯-卡普兰执行功能系统（DKEFS）中选定的子测试来评估LNFB的效果。对照组在基线对比时楔前叶的总相对功率有显著增加。DX组未达到显著水平。所有参与者的执行功能均有改善，且倾向于报告心理病理学症状显著减少。自我调节的基本神经机制尚不清楚。本研究获得的数据表明，异质性人群中的LNFB增强了执行功能，同时相应地减少了心理症状的认可。大脑中的α频率可能代表相对于操作效率和自我调节机制的整合功能。
