Breidablik Hans-Johan, Meland Eivind, Holmen Turid Lingaas, Lydersen Stian
Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, Section for General Practice, University of Bergen, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Adolesc Health Med Ther. 2010 Sep 6;1:97-104. doi: 10.2147/AHMT.S12877. eCollection 2010.
Self-rated health (SRH) is a known important predictor of later mortality, morbidity, and health service attendance. From adolescence onwards, this multifactorial composite seems to be relatively stable. Therefore, it is important to study how SRH is also shaped and influenced by parental factors.
Analyses were based on data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health studies in Norway during 1995-1997 among adolescent children aged 13-19 years and their parents. Cross-table analyses were made for parental and adolescent SRH. Proportional odds logistic regression analyses with parental SRH and a broad spectrum of other parental covariates were conducted, with adolescent SRH as the dependent variable, both unadjusted and adjusted.
Lower level of education, living alone, smoking, low general well being, and low life satisfaction were the most important parental factors associated with lower SRH in adolescents. However, the associations between parental SRH and adolescent SRH were rather weak, and in adjusted multivariable analyses lost significance for both genders. The net effect of genetics and early vertical family influence on adolescents' SRH thus seems to be moderate. Notably, the association between more specific health-related and lifestyle variables in parent and adolescent SRH was rather weak.
SRH in adolescents seems to be shaped only partly by parental influence, and is less "deterministic" than might be expected from some genetic studies. SRH may therefore be modifiable by health-promoting efforts in early life.
自我评估健康状况（SRH）是已知的后期死亡率、发病率和医疗服务利用率的重要预测指标。从青春期开始，这种多因素综合指标似乎相对稳定。因此，研究父母因素如何塑造和影响SRH很重要。
分析基于1995 - 1997年挪威北特伦德拉格健康研究的数据，研究对象为13 - 19岁的青少年及其父母。对父母和青少年的SRH进行交叉表分析。以青少年SRH为因变量，进行了未调整和调整的比例优势逻辑回归分析，纳入父母的SRH以及一系列其他父母协变量。
较低的教育水平、独居、吸烟、总体幸福感低和生活满意度低是与青少年SRH较低相关的最重要的父母因素。然而，父母的SRH与青少年的SRH之间的关联相当微弱，在调整后的多变量分析中，对两性而言均失去了显著性。因此，遗传因素和早期垂直家庭影响对青少年SRH的净效应似乎是中等的。值得注意的是，父母和青少年SRH中更具体的健康相关和生活方式变量之间的关联相当微弱。
青少年的SRH似乎仅部分受父母影响，并且比一些基因研究预期的“确定性”要低。因此，SRH可能可通过早期生活中的健康促进努力加以改变。
