Jajja Mohammad Raheel Nawaz, Gilani Alina, Cawasji Zain Feroze, Imran Sehyr, Khan Muhammad Shahjahan, Hashmi Salila Shoaib, Khan Tahir Shafi
Department of Surgery, The Aga Khan University, Karachi.
J Pak Med Assoc. 2013 Sep;63(9):1098-102.
To identify the frequency of different types of oral clefts and presence of known risk factors among patients.
The retrospective review of 292 patients, presenting with oral clefts between 1992 and 2011, was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect details, including demographics, type of cleft, presence of known risk factors, surgical details, and follow-up visits. SPSS 16 was used for data analysis. Chi-square test and analysis of variance was used: whenever applicable.
Of the total, 168 (57-53%) patients had cleft lip with or without cleft palate, and 124 (42.5%) had cleft palate alone. The most common defect was left-sided complete cleft lip and palate and midline incomplete cleft palate in the two groups respectively. Consanguinity among the parents was found to be the most common risk factor (n = 50; 17.1%). Median age of repair was 4 months for cleft lip and 10 months for cleft palate in the first group. For the other group, the median age of primary repair was 13 months. First-week follow-up after surgery was 50% (n = 84) for the lip repair, and 65% (n = 81) for palate repair.
Our review revealed that most patients had cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P). The most common risk factor was consanguinity among parents. Delay in seeking care, low follow-up rates after surgical repair of the anomaly and lack of involvement of speech therapist and orthodontist was observed.
确定不同类型口腔裂隙的发生率以及患者中已知危险因素的存在情况。
对1992年至2011年间在卡拉奇阿迦汗大学医院就诊的292例口腔裂隙患者进行回顾性研究。使用预先设计的问卷收集详细信息，包括人口统计学资料、裂隙类型、已知危险因素的存在情况、手术细节以及随访情况。采用SPSS 16进行数据分析。在适用的情况下使用卡方检验和方差分析。
总共168例（57.53%）患者患有唇裂伴或不伴腭裂，124例（42.5%）患者仅患有腭裂。两组中最常见的缺陷分别是左侧完全性唇腭裂和中线不完全性腭裂。父母近亲结婚被发现是最常见的危险因素（n = 50；17.1%）。第一组中唇裂修复的中位年龄为4个月，腭裂修复的中位年龄为10个月。另一组中，初次修复的中位年龄为13个月。唇裂修复术后第一周的随访率为50%（n = 84），腭裂修复术后为65%（n = 81）。
我们的研究表明，大多数患者患有唇裂伴或不伴腭裂（CL/P）。最常见的危险因素是父母近亲结婚。观察到寻求治疗存在延迟、畸形手术修复后的随访率较低以及言语治疗师和正畸医生未参与治疗的情况。
