Horn F, Sabova L, Pinterova E, Hornova J, Trnka J
Bratisl Lek Listy. 2014;115(2):91-7. doi: 10.4149/bll_2014_020.
Folic acid deficiency plays a central role in the aetiology of many congenital anomalies including neural tube defects. Protective effect of folic acid on embryo may be acquired only if taken periconceptionally.
The aim of the study was to investigate the awareness about folic acid among women of childbearing age in Bratislava, Slovakia.
There were 130 respondents involved in the research (106 pregnant women, 24 female students of medical faculty). Using questionnaire we acquired following data: pregnancy details, interest in diet before and during pregnancy, recommendations regarding nutrition and supplementation pre- and post-conception, knowledge about folic and other acid in 2004 and 2009.
More than half of the respondents knew the sources of folic acid. The interest in the nutrition facts of the food dropped from 91 % to 58.5 %. The number of pregnant women advised about correct nutrition and folic acid supplementation before and during pregnancy increased from 16 % to 37 %. Planning the next gravidity with folic acid supplementation became greater than 21 % (38 % in 2009). Nevertheless, only 46 % of these women believed that proper food content with folic acid may prevent congenital anomalies. In a group of students planning to take folic acid periconceptionally the number raised up to 62.5 %.
The results revealed low knowledge about the effect of folic acid on developing embryo among women of childbearing age. Effective intervention programs are needed with the aim to improve periconceptional intake of folic acid in 2004 and 2009. The results in both periods show low knowledge about this essential vitamin (Tab. 1, Fig. 8, Ref. 31).
叶酸缺乏在包括神经管缺陷在内的许多先天性异常的病因中起核心作用。叶酸对胚胎的保护作用只有在受孕前后服用时才能获得。
本研究的目的是调查斯洛伐克布拉迪斯拉发育龄妇女对叶酸的认知情况。
130名受访者参与了该研究（106名孕妇，24名医学院女学生）。通过问卷调查，我们获得了以下数据：怀孕细节、怀孕前和怀孕期间对饮食的兴趣、受孕前后关于营养和补充剂的建议、2004年和2009年对叶酸及其他酸的了解。
超过一半的受访者知道叶酸的来源。对食物营养成分的兴趣从91%降至58.5%。在怀孕前和怀孕期间接受正确营养和叶酸补充建议的孕妇人数从16%增加到37%。计划下次怀孕时补充叶酸的人数超过21%（2009年为38%）。然而，这些女性中只有46%认为含有叶酸的适当食物成分可以预防先天性异常。在计划受孕前后服用叶酸的学生群体中，这一比例上升至62.5%。
结果显示育龄妇女对叶酸对发育中胚胎的影响了解不足。需要有效的干预计划，以提高2004年和2009年受孕前后叶酸的摄入量。两个时期的结果都显示对这种必需维生素的了解不足（表1，图8，参考文献31）。
