Petit Aymeric, Karila Laurent, Chalmin Florence, Lejoyeux Michel
Department of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
Int J Dermatol. 2014 Jun;53(6):664-72. doi: 10.1111/ijd.12336. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
Excessive indoor tanning, defined by the presence of an impulse towards and repetition of tanning that leads to personal distress, has only recently been recognized as a psychiatric disorder. This finding is based on the observations of many dermatologists who report the presence of addictive relationships with tanning salons among their patients despite being given diagnoses of malignant melanoma. This article synthesizes the existing literature on excessive indoor tanning and addiction to investigate possible associations. This review focuses on the prevalence, clinical features, etiology, and treatment of this disorder. A literature review was conducted, using PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE and PsycINFO, to identify articles published in English from 1974 to 2013. Excessive indoor tanning may be related to addiction, obsessive-compulsive disorder, impulse control disorder, seasonal affective disorder, anorexia, body dysmorphic disorder, or depression. Excessive indoor tanning can be included in the spectrum of addictive behavior because it has clinical characteristics in common with those of classic addictive disorders. It is frequently associated with anxiety, eating disorders, and tobacco dependence. Further controlled studies are required, especially in clinical psychopathology and neurobiology, to improve our understanding of excessive indoor tanning.
过度室内晒黑，其定义为存在晒黑的冲动及反复晒黑行为并导致个人痛苦，直到最近才被认定为一种精神障碍。这一发现基于许多皮肤科医生的观察，他们报告称，尽管其患者被诊断患有恶性黑色素瘤，但仍与晒黑沙龙存在成瘾关系。本文综合了关于过度室内晒黑和成瘾的现有文献，以研究可能存在的关联。本综述聚焦于该障碍的患病率、临床特征、病因及治疗。通过使用PubMed、谷歌学术、EMBASE和PsycINFO进行文献综述，以识别1974年至2013年期间发表的英文文章。过度室内晒黑可能与成瘾、强迫症、冲动控制障碍、季节性情感障碍、厌食症、躯体变形障碍或抑郁症有关。过度室内晒黑可被纳入成瘾行为范畴，因为它具有与经典成瘾性障碍相同的临床特征。它常与焦虑、饮食失调及烟草依赖相关。需要进一步开展对照研究，尤其是在临床精神病理学和神经生物学领域，以增进我们对过度室内晒黑的理解。
