海员工作适任资格在荷兰的结果。

Outcomes of seafarer work fitness qualifications in the Netherlands.

机构信息

Mateu Orfila Teaching Unit in Occupational Medicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Occup Med (Lond). 2014 Jun;64(4):267-70. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqu020. Epub 2014 Mar 6.

DOI:10.1093/occmed/kqu020

PMID:24604102

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Seafaring is a dangerous profession involving high fatality rates and little research has been done to identify conditions that may lead to failing the seafarer's medical qualification (SMQ).

AIMS

To determine the proportion of seafarers failing to pass the SMQ in the Netherlands during 2012, to analyse the outcomes of the SMQ according to qualification, age, duties and requirements of additional evaluations and to describe the reasons for considering a seafarer unfit for duty.

METHODS

A retrospective descriptive study of SMQs registered in the Netherlands Shipping Inspectorate database.

RESULTS

Less than 1% (46 cases; 0.6%) of the 7617 final SMQ candidates were considered unfit for duty with 53% (24) of these being temporarily unfit. Four per cent (276) of cases were classified 'fit with restrictions' and 1% (66) 'fit by exemption' (FEx). Re-examination was required in 2% (122) of cases. A second opinion from a medical referee was sought in 4% of cases. The highest rate of FEx was found in older seafarers (aged over 55) due to restrictions in hearing and vision in the majority (59%) of cases. The leading causes of unfitness were other medical reasons, mainly associated with cardiovascular conditions and morbid obesity, in 52% of cases and visual impairment in 34%.

CONCLUSIONS

The proportion of seafarers considered unfit in the SMQ carried out in the Netherlands in 2012 is relatively low. The proportion of FEx was higher in older groups, mainly due to hearing or visual impairments.

摘要

背景

航海是一项危险的职业，死亡率较高，很少有研究旨在确定可能导致海员医疗资格（SMQ）不合格的条件。

目的

确定 2012 年荷兰未能通过 SMQ 的海员比例，根据资格、年龄、职责以及对额外评估的要求分析 SMQ 的结果，并描述考虑海员不适合履职的原因。

方法

对荷兰航运检验局数据库中注册的 SMQ 进行回顾性描述性研究。

结果

在 7617 名最终 SMQ 候选人中，不到 1%（46 例；0.6%）被认为不适合履职，其中 53%（24 例）为暂时不适合。4%（276 例）被归类为“有条件合格”，1%（66 例）为“豁免合格”（FEx）。2%（122 例）的病例需要重新检查。4%的病例寻求了医学裁判的第二次意见。由于大多数情况下（59%）听力和视力受限，年龄较大的海员（55 岁以上）的 FEx 率最高。不合格的主要原因是其他医疗原因，主要与心血管疾病和病态肥胖有关，占 52%，视力障碍占 34%。