Iliopoulos O, Proud D, Norman P S, Lichtenstein L M, Kagey-Sobotka A, Naclerio R M
Department of Medicine, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Aug;138(2):400-5. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/138.2.400.
Nasal challenge of susceptible persons with cold, dry air (CDA) (breathing air at a temperature of -7 to -10 degrees C and a relative humidity of 0 to 10% at a flow rate of 12.5 ml/min for 15 min) stimulates nasal symptoms and release of histamine and other mediators associated with mast-cell activation. To investigate whether such a nonantigenic stimulus induces a late-phase reaction (LPR) in the nose, we challenged 12 preselected volunteers who had previously shown an immediate response to CDA. We monitored the subjects' responses for 10 h by means of symptom diaries and the levels of histamine and TAME-esterase activity in nasal lavage fluids. All 12 subjects showed an immediate response, whereas 8 had a LPR, as indicated by a recurrence of symptoms (rhinorrhea and congestion) hours later, accompanied by an increase in the levels of histamine and TAME-esterase activity. Rhinorrhea and congestion were concomitant with the late reelevation of mediators. Control challenges of these subjects with warm, moist air (WMA), as well as serial nasal lavages without any stimulation of the nose, failed to induce an early- or a late-phase response. The amount of both mediators and symptoms generated during the 10 h after the initial reaction to CDA challenge was significantly greater (p less than 0.02) than after WMA challenge or after performance of nasal lavages without a challenge. The ability of CDA to induce a LPR strengthens the connection between initial mast-cell activation and the occurrence of a LPR.
让易感人群吸入冷干空气（CDA）（在-7至-10摄氏度、相对湿度0至10%、流速12.5毫升/分钟的条件下呼吸15分钟）进行鼻腔激发试验，可刺激鼻腔症状以及组胺和其他与肥大细胞活化相关介质的释放。为了研究这种非抗原性刺激是否会在鼻部诱发迟发相反应（LPR），我们对12名预先选定的志愿者进行了激发试验，这些志愿者此前对CDA均有即刻反应。我们通过症状日记以及鼻灌洗液中组胺水平和TAME酯酶活性来监测受试者10小时的反应。所有12名受试者均出现了即刻反应，而其中8名有迟发相反应，表现为数小时后症状（流涕和鼻塞）复发，同时伴有组胺水平和TAME酯酶活性升高。流涕和鼻塞与介质的后期再次升高同时出现。用暖湿空气（WMA）对这些受试者进行对照激发试验，以及在未对鼻腔进行任何刺激的情况下进行连续鼻灌洗，均未诱发早期或迟发相反应。在对CDA激发试验的初始反应后的10小时内产生的介质和症状量，显著大于（p<0.02）WMA激发试验后或未进行激发试验的鼻灌洗后的量。CDA诱发迟发相反应的能力加强了初始肥大细胞活化与迟发相反应发生之间的联系。
