Hong Kui
Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2013 Nov 4;53(11):1131-41.
Mangroves are woody plants located in tropical and subtropical intertidal coastal regions. Driven by the discovery of novel natural products from marine environment, mangrove is becoming a hot spot for actinomycetes resources collection and secondary metabolites (natural products) identification as well as their biosynthesis mechanism investigation. Salinaspora A produced by a Salinispora strain isolated from Bahamas mangrove environment, is in the first clinical trial. Till the time of writing this paper, 24 genera of 11 families and 8 suborders under the actinomycetale have been reported from mangrove, among which 3 are new genera, and 31 are new species. At the same time, secondary metabolites were identified from the mangrove actinomycetes culture, including alkanoids and quinines, azalomycins, antimycins, bezamides and quinazolines, divergolides, indole derivatives, kandenols, macrocyclic dilactones, and the attractive structures, such as the Streptocarbazoles, the multicyclic indolsesquiterpenes, and xiamycin presented unique structures. Their biosynthetic mechanism has also been investigated. Most of the metabolites were isolated from streptomycetes, with a few from Micromonospora and Saccharopolyspora.
红树林是生长在热带和亚热带潮间带沿海地区的木本植物。受从海洋环境中发现新型天然产物的推动，红树林正成为放线菌资源收集、次生代谢产物（天然产物）鉴定及其生物合成机制研究的热点。从巴哈马红树林环境中分离出的盐孢菌属菌株产生的盐孢菌素A正在进行首次临床试验。截至撰写本文时，已从红树林中报道了放线菌目下11科8亚目24属，其中3个是新属，31个是新物种。同时，从红树林放线菌培养物中鉴定出次生代谢产物，包括链烷类和奎宁类、氮霉素、抗霉素、苯甲酰胺和喹唑啉类、双弗戈利德类、吲哚衍生物、坎德醇类、大环双内酯类，以及具有吸引力的结构，如链霉咔唑类、多环吲哚倍半萜类和夏霉素类，呈现出独特的结构。它们的生物合成机制也已得到研究。大多数代谢产物是从链霉菌中分离出来的，少数是从小单孢菌属和糖多孢菌属中分离出来的。
