Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego State University, 9245 Sky Park Court, Suite 221, San Diego, CA 92123-4311.
J Sch Health. 2014 Apr;84(4):239-46. doi: 10.1111/josh.12144.
In the past 30 years, childhood obesity rates have tripled, disproportionately affecting Latino children. From 2003 to 2006, 43.0% of Mexican-American children were classified as overweight compared with 36.9% of non-Hispanic Whites. Obesity interventions targeting children can have a significant impact in the school setting.
We conducted a systematic review of evidence-based, obesity-related interventions in the school setting. Inclusion criteria included: having 50% or more Latino children in the study, and usage of obesity-related outcomes (eg, body mass index [BMI] z-score, weight, and waist circumference, and body fat).
The majority of identified studies included interventions that targeted both nutrition and physical activity. The most successful interventions were randomized, controlled trials or quasi-experimental controlled studies and had few limitations in execution in the study; however, overall results were mixed. There are promising results for interventions targeting Latino children who are already overweight or obese, but evidence of effectiveness is sparse.
This review is the first to gather evidence-based research systematically aimed at obesity-related interventions in the school setting that are specifically focused on Latino children. Results of the review are promising and timely, given the exigency of the needed evidence, and the current state of childhood obesity in the United States.
在过去的 30 年中，儿童肥胖率增长了两倍，其中拉美裔儿童受影响尤为严重。从 2003 年到 2006 年，43.0%的墨西哥裔美国儿童被归类为超重，而非西班牙裔白人的这一比例为 36.9%。针对儿童的肥胖干预措施在学校环境中可能会产生重大影响。
我们对学校环境中基于证据的肥胖相关干预措施进行了系统回顾。纳入标准包括：研究中有 50%或更多的拉丁裔儿童，并且使用与肥胖相关的结果（例如，体重指数[BMI]z 分数、体重和腰围以及体脂肪）。
大多数确定的研究都包括针对营养和身体活动的干预措施。最成功的干预措施是随机对照试验或准实验对照研究，并且在研究执行方面几乎没有局限性；然而，总体结果喜忧参半。针对已经超重或肥胖的拉丁裔儿童的干预措施有令人鼓舞的结果，但有效性证据很少。
这是首次有针对性地对学校环境中专门针对拉丁裔儿童的肥胖相关干预措施进行系统地收集基于证据的研究。鉴于所需证据的紧迫性以及美国当前儿童肥胖的现状，本次审查的结果很有希望且及时。
