MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014 Mar 14;63(10):217-21.
During an influenza pandemic, information about the industry and occupation (I&O) of persons likely to be infected with influenza virus is important to guide key policy decisions regarding vaccine prioritization and exposure-control measures. Health-care personnel (HCP) might have increased opportunity for exposure to influenza infection, and they have been prioritized for influenza vaccination because of their own risk and the risk that infected HCP pose to patients. To identify other groups of workers that might be at increased risk for pandemic influenza infection, influenza-like illness (ILI) and vaccination coverage data from the 2009 National H1N1 Flu Survey (NHFS), which was conducted during October 2009 through June 2010, were analyzed. In a representative sample of 28,710 employed adults, 5.5% reported ILI symptoms in the month before the interview, and 23.7% received the 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza vaccine. Among employed adults, the highest prevalence of ILI was reported by those employed in the industry groups "Real estate and rental and leasing" (10.5%) and "Accommodation and food services" (10.2%), and in the occupation groups "Food preparation and serving related" (11.0%) and "Community and social services" (8.3%). Both seasonal influenza and pH1N1 vaccination coverage were relatively low in all of these groups of workers. Adults not in the labor force (i.e., homemakers, students, retired persons, and persons unable to work) had ILI prevalence and pH1N1 vaccination coverage similar to those found in all employed adults combined; in contrast, ILI prevalence was higher and pH1N1 vaccination coverage was lower among unemployed adults (i.e., those looking for work). These results suggest that adults employed in certain industries and occupations might have increased risk for influenza infection, and that the majority of these workers did not receive seasonal or pH1N1 influenza vaccine. Unemployed adults might also be considered a high risk group for influenza.
在流感大流行期间，与可能感染流感病毒的人群的行业和职业（I&O）相关的信息对于指导疫苗优先接种和暴露控制措施等关键政策决策非常重要。由于医护人员（HCP）自身感染流感的风险以及感染的 HCP 对患者造成的风险，他们可能有更多机会接触流感感染，因此被优先接种流感疫苗。为了确定其他可能面临大流行性流感感染风险增加的工人群体，对 2009 年全国 H1N1 流感调查（NHFS）的流感样疾病（ILI）和疫苗接种数据进行了分析，该调查于 2009 年 10 月至 2010 年 6 月进行。在一个有代表性的 28710 名在职成年人样本中，5.5%的人在接受采访前一个月报告有 ILI 症状，23.7%的人接种了 2009 年大流行性 H1N1（pH1N1）流感疫苗。在在职成年人中，报告 ILI 患病率最高的是从事“房地产和租赁”（10.5%）和“住宿和食品服务”（10.2%）行业的人群，以及从事“食品制备和服务相关”（11.0%）和“社区和社会服务”（8.3%）职业的人群。这些工人群体的季节性流感和 pH1N1 疫苗接种率均相对较低。不从事劳动力（即家庭主妇、学生、退休人员和无法工作的人员）的成年人的 ILI 患病率和 pH1N1 疫苗接种率与所有在职成年人相似；相比之下，失业成年人（即正在寻找工作的人）的 ILI 患病率较高，pH1N1 疫苗接种率较低。这些结果表明，从事某些行业和职业的成年人可能有更高的流感感染风险，而且大多数这些工人没有接种季节性或 pH1N1 流感疫苗。失业成年人也可能被视为流感的高风险群体。
