MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Apr 2;59(12):357-62.
Since 1986, the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) have recommended that all health-care personnel (HCP) be vaccinated annually for influenza. Since 1989, overall influenza vaccination coverage among HCP has never exceeded 49% in any season, according to estimates from the National Health Interview Survey. In August 2009, ACIP recommended that HCP be one of five initial target groups to receive the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent vaccine when it first became available. This report summarizes results of a population-based panel survey administered via the Internet during January 2010 to a nationally representative sample of 1,417 HCP to assess vaccination coverage. By mid-January 2010, estimated vaccination coverage among HCP was 37.1% for 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) and 61.9% for seasonal influenza. Overall, 64.3% received either of these influenza vaccines, higher coverage than any previous season, but only 34.7% of HCP reported receiving both vaccines. The existence of an employer requirement for vaccination at the facility where the respondent was employed was associated with an eightfold greater likelihood of 2009 H1N1 vaccination compared with respondents employed by facilities with neither requirement nor recommendations; likewise, the existence of a recommendation for vaccination was associated with a fourfold greater probability of 2009 H1N1 vaccination. Health-care administrators should consider influenza vaccination coverage among employees an important measure of patient safety and make appropriate efforts to increase coverage in future seasons.
自 1986 年以来，医疗保健感染控制实践咨询委员会（HICPAC）和免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）一直建议所有医护人员（HCP）每年接种流感疫苗。根据全国健康访谈调查的估计，自 1989 年以来，每个季节医护人员的总体流感疫苗接种率从未超过 49%。2009 年 8 月，ACIP 建议医护人员成为首批五个目标群体之一，在流感 A（H1N1）2009 单价疫苗首次供应时接种。本报告总结了 2010 年 1 月通过互联网对全国代表性的 1417 名医护人员进行的一项基于人群的小组调查结果，以评估疫苗接种率。截至 2010 年 1 月中旬，医护人员中估计有 37.1%接种了 2009 年大流行性流感 A（H1N1）疫苗，61.9%接种了季节性流感疫苗。总体而言，有 64.3%的人接种了这两种流感疫苗中的一种，接种率高于以往任何一个季节，但只有 34.7%的医护人员报告接种了两种疫苗。在受访者工作的医疗机构有接种疫苗的要求与没有要求或建议的医疗机构相比，接种 2009 年 H1N1 疫苗的可能性要高出八倍；同样，接种疫苗的建议与接种 2009 年 H1N1 疫苗的可能性增加四倍相关。医疗保健管理人员应将员工的流感疫苗接种率视为患者安全的重要衡量标准，并在未来的季节中做出适当努力提高接种率。
