Ambrose Christopher S, Anderson Evan J, Simões Eric A F, Wu Xionghua, Elhefni Hanaa, Park C Lucy, Sifakis Frangiscos, Groothuis Jessie R
From the *MedImmune Medical & Scientific Affairs, Gaithersburg, MD; †Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; ‡Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, and Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; §former employee of MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD; ¶Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL; and ||Current: AstraZeneca, U.S. Medical Affairs, Gaithersburg, MD.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2014 Jun;33(6):576-82. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000219.
The Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Respiratory Events Among Preterm Infants Outcomes and Risk Tracking (REPORT) study evaluated RSV disease burden in U.S. preterm infants 32-35 weeks gestational age (wGA) not receiving RSV prophylaxis.
Preterm infants <6 months of age as of November 1st were followed prospectively at 188 clinics from September to May 2009-2010 or 2010-2011. Nasal and pharyngeal swabs were collected for medically attended acute respiratory illnesses (MAARI) and tested for RSV by qRT-polymerase chain reaction. Risk factors were assessed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for seasonality.
Of 1642 evaluable infants, 287 experienced RSV MAARI. Rates of RSV-related MAARI, outpatient lower respiratory tract illness, emergency department visits and hospitalization (RSVH) during November to March were 25.4, 13.7, 5.9 and 4.9 per 100 infant-seasons, respectively. Preschool-aged, nonmultiple-birth siblings and daycare attendance were consistently associated with increased risk of RSV. RSVH rates were highest in infants 32-34 and 35 wGA who were <6 months of age during November to March with daycare attendance or nonmultiple-birth, preschool-aged siblings (8.9 and 9.3 per 100 infant-seasons, respectively, versus 3.5 for all other infants, P<0.001). Chronologic age <3 months was associated with a higher RSVH rate for infants 35 wGA but not for infants 32-34 wGA.
In US preterm infants who were 32-35 wGA, <6 months on November 1st and not receiving RSV prophylaxis, the burden of RSV MAARI was 25 per 100 infant-seasons. The highest RSVH rates occurred among those with daycare attendance or nonmultiple-birth, preschool-aged siblings while they were <6 months of age during the RSV season.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）早产儿呼吸道事件结局与风险追踪（REPORT）研究评估了美国胎龄32 - 35周（wGA）且未接受RSV预防的早产儿的RSV疾病负担。
截至11月1日年龄小于6个月的早产儿于2009 - 2010年或2010 - 2011年9月至5月在188家诊所进行前瞻性随访。收集因就诊的急性呼吸道疾病（MAARI）的鼻拭子和咽拭子，并通过定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测RSV。使用针对季节性进行调整的多变量Cox比例风险模型评估危险因素。
在1642名可评估婴儿中，287名经历了RSV MAARI。11月至3月期间，与RSV相关的MAARI、门诊下呼吸道疾病、急诊就诊和住院（RSVH）发生率分别为每100婴儿季25.4、13.7、5.9和4.9例。学龄前儿童、非多胞胎兄弟姐妹和日托出勤情况一直与RSV风险增加相关。在11月至3月期间，年龄小于6个月且有日托出勤或非多胞胎、学龄前兄弟姐妹的32 - 34周和35周wGA婴儿的RSVH发生率最高（分别为每100婴儿季8.9和9.3例，而所有其他婴儿为3.5例，P<0.001）。实际年龄小于3个月与35周wGA婴儿的RSVH发生率较高相关，但与32 - 34周wGA婴儿无关。
在美国胎龄32 - 35周、11月1日年龄小于6个月且未接受RSV预防的早产儿中，RSV MAARI的负担为每100婴儿季25例。RSV季节期间，年龄小于6个月且有日托出勤或非多胞胎、学龄前兄弟姐妹的婴儿RSVH发生率最高。
