Carvalhaes Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite, Martiniano Ana Carolina de Almeida, Malta Maíra Barreto, Takito Monica Yuri, Benício Maria Helena D'Aquino
Rev Saude Publica. 2013 Oct;47(5):958-67.
To describe physical-activity patterns of low-risk pregnant women and investigate associated factors.
This is a cross-sectional study based on a sample (n = 256) of adult pregnant women in their 2nd trimester. The participants were randomly selected among those attending primary health care units in Botucatu in Sao Paulo State in 2010. Physical activities were investigated by using the pregnancy physical activity questionnaire and by analyzing the time and intensity of the following activities: occupational, commuting, household and leisure, expressed in metabolic equivalents/day. The pregnant women were classified according to their level of physical activity and to achieving 150 minutes/week of leisure physical activities, which were the dependent variables in the study. The association between such variables and socioeconomic variables, maternal characteristics, behavioral factors and the care model in the health care unit was evaluated by Poisson regression models with robust variance and by adopting the hierarchical model.
Most pregnant women were insufficiently active (77.7%); 12.5% were moderately active and 9.8% were vigorously active. The highest daily energy expenditure was in carrying out household activities, followed by commuting activities. Only 10.2% of them followed the recommendation, successfully achieving 150 minutes of leisure physical activities per week. Having a job outside of the home reduced the chance of achieving such recommendation (OR = 0.39, 95%CI 0.16;0.93). Having at least one previous delivery (OR = 0.87, 95%CI 0.77;0.99) and being overweight pre-pregnancy (OR = 0.85, 95%CI 0.731;0.99) reduced the chance of being insufficiently active whereas consuming healthy foods less frequently slightly increased it: OR = 1.18, 95%CI 1.02;1.36.
Pregnant women who were cared for in primary health care units were insufficiently active. Having at least one previous delivery and being overweight pre-pregnancy were identified as protective factors against such condition. Less frequent intake of healthy foods was found to be a risk factor, therefore suggesting a cluster of health risk factors.
描述低风险孕妇的身体活动模式并调查相关因素。
这是一项横断面研究，样本为256名处于孕中期的成年孕妇。参与者于2010年在圣保罗州博图卡图的初级卫生保健单位就诊者中随机选取。通过使用孕期身体活动问卷并分析以下活动的时间和强度来调查身体活动：职业活动、通勤、家务和休闲活动，以代谢当量/天表示。孕妇根据其身体活动水平以及每周是否达到150分钟的休闲身体活动进行分类，这是本研究的因变量。通过具有稳健方差的泊松回归模型并采用分层模型评估这些变量与社会经济变量、母亲特征、行为因素以及卫生保健单位的护理模式之间的关联。
大多数孕妇活动不足（77.7%）；12.5%为中等活动水平，9.8%为剧烈活动水平。每日能量消耗最高的是家务活动，其次是通勤活动。只有10.2%的孕妇遵循建议，成功达到每周150分钟的休闲身体活动。在外工作会降低达到该建议的几率（比值比=0.39，95%置信区间0.16；0.93）。有至少一次既往分娩经历（比值比=0.87，95%置信区间0.77；0.99）以及孕前超重（比值比=0.85，95%置信区间0.731；0.99）会降低活动不足的几率，而较少食用健康食品会使其略有增加：比值比=1.18，95%置信区间1.02；1.36。
在初级卫生保健单位接受护理的孕妇活动不足。有至少一次既往分娩经历以及孕前超重被确定为针对这种情况的保护因素。发现较少食用健康食品是一个风险因素，因此提示存在一系列健康风险因素。
