Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2022 Apr;44(4):360-368. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1743099. Epub 2022 Mar 11.
To assess the levels of physical activity and exercise practice, and examine the associated maternal characteristics; as well as the anxiety levels of high-risk pregnant women.
A cross-sectional study conducted with pregnant women at a High-risk Prenatal Clinic (HRPC) in a tertiary maternity. Pregnant women of 18 to 40-years-old, with a single fetus, and with gestational age up to 38 weeks were included. The level of physical activity and exercise practice of the study's participants were investigated using the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ). Maternal sociodemographic, anthropometric, and medical data were investigated using a specific form. For anxiety levels, the short version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was applied. We used the Student -test, chi-square test, odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and multiple logistic regression. The significance level was 5%.
Among the 109 pregnant women included, 82 (75.2%) were classified as sedentary/little active. The higher energy expenditure were for domestic activities (133.81 ± 81.84 METs), followed by work-related activities (40.77 ± 84.71 METs). Only 19.3% women exercised during pregnancy (4.76 ± 12.47 METs), with slow walking being the most reported exercise. A higher level of education was the most important factor associated with women being moderately or vigorously active (OR = 29.8; 95% CI 4.9-117.8). Nulliparity (OR = 3.1; 95% CI 1.0-9.1), low levels of anxiety (OR = 3.6; 95% CI 1.2-10.7), and unemployment (OR = 4.8; 95% CI 1.1-19.6) were associated with the practice of exercise during pregnancy.
Most women with high-risk pregnancies exhibited a sedentary pattern, with low prevalence of physical exercise practice. Recognizing factors that hinder the adoption of a more physically active lifestyle is essential for an individualized guidance regarding exercise during pregnancy.
评估身体活动和运动实践水平，并检查相关的产妇特征；以及高危孕妇的焦虑水平。
这是一项在一家三级妇产医院的高危产前诊所（HRPC）进行的横断面研究。纳入年龄在 18 至 40 岁、单胎妊娠且孕周不超过 38 周的孕妇。使用妊娠体力活动问卷（PPAQ）调查研究参与者的身体活动和运动实践水平。使用特定表格调查产妇的社会人口统计学、人体测量学和医学数据。对于焦虑水平，使用状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）的简短版本。我们使用学生 t 检验、卡方检验、比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）和多因素逻辑回归。显著性水平为 5%。
在纳入的 109 名孕妇中，82 名（75.2%）被归类为久坐/活动量少。体力活动消耗较高的是家务活动（133.81±81.84 METs），其次是与工作相关的活动（40.77±84.71 METs）。只有 19.3%的孕妇在怀孕期间运动（4.76±12.47 METs），其中最常报告的运动是慢走。较高的教育水平是与女性适度或剧烈活动最相关的因素（OR=29.8；95%CI 4.9-117.8）。初产妇（OR=3.1；95%CI 1.0-9.1）、低焦虑水平（OR=3.6；95%CI 1.2-10.7）和失业（OR=4.8；95%CI 1.1-19.6）与怀孕期间的运动实践相关。
大多数高危妊娠的女性表现出久坐不动的模式，身体运动实践的发生率较低。认识到阻碍更积极生活方式的因素对于个性化指导怀孕期间的运动至关重要。
