Xu Xu, Wu Xiaoting, Wang Qingqing, Cai Nan, Zhang Hanxue, Jiang Zedong, Wan Min, Oda Tatsuya
College of Life Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China.
College of Life Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Apr 9;62(14):3168-3176. doi: 10.1021/jf405633n. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
This study evaluated the immunomodulatory activities, including regulation of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production in RAW264.7 murine macrophages, of alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) and investigated their structure-activity relationships. Our results revealed that unsaturated guluronate oligosaccharide prepared by enzymatic degradation (GOS-ED) induced NO production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, dose and time dependently, and stimulated ROS and TNF-α production; however, other AOS prepared by different ways or polymers showed very low and even no such effects. Moreover, GOS-ED induced macrophage activation to release the above-mentioned mediators partly involved in nuclear factor (NF)-κB and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathways. We also show that the structural characteristics of AOS, especially the unsaturated terminal structure, molecular size, and M/G ratio, play important roles in determining the macrophage-activating effects. GOS-ED could be applicable for agriculture, drug, and food industry as a potent immune-modulatory agent.
本研究评估了藻酸盐寡糖（AOS）在RAW264.7小鼠巨噬细胞中的免疫调节活性，包括对一氧化氮（NO）、活性氧（ROS）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α产生的调节，并研究了它们的构效关系。我们的结果显示，通过酶解制备的不饱和古洛糖醛酸寡糖（GOS-ED）剂量和时间依赖性地诱导NO产生和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）表达，并刺激ROS和TNF-α产生；然而，通过不同方式制备的其他AOS或聚合物显示出非常低甚至没有这种作用。此外，GOS-ED诱导巨噬细胞活化以释放上述介质，部分涉及核因子（NF）-κB和丝裂原活化蛋白（MAP）激酶信号通路。我们还表明，AOS的结构特征，特别是不饱和末端结构、分子大小和M/G比，在决定巨噬细胞活化作用中起重要作用。GOS-ED作为一种有效的免疫调节剂可应用于农业、药物和食品工业。
