Juliff Laura E, Halson Shona L, Peiffer Jeremiah J
Performance Recovery, Australian Institute of Sport, Australia; School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Australia; Physiology, Australian Institute of Sport, Australia.
Performance Recovery, Australian Institute of Sport, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2015 Jan;18(1):13-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2014.02.007. Epub 2014 Feb 13.
Anecdotally many athletes report worse sleep in the nights prior to important competitions. Despite sleep being acknowledged as an important factor for optimal athletic performance and overall health, little is understood about athlete sleep around competition. The aims of this study were to identify sleep complaints of athletes prior to competitions and determine whether complaints were confined to competition periods.
Cross-sectional study.
A sample of 283 elite Australian athletes (129 male, 157 female, age 24±5 y) completed two questionnaires; Competitive Sport and Sleep questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.
64.0% of athletes indicated worse sleep on at least one occasion in the nights prior to an important competition over the past 12 months. The main sleep problem specified by athletes was problems falling asleep (82.1%) with the main reasons responsible for poor sleep indicated as thoughts about the competition (83.5%) and nervousness (43.8%). Overall 59.1% of team sport athletes reported having no strategy to overcome poor sleep compared with individual athletes (32.7%, p=0.002) who utilised relaxation and reading as strategies. Individual sport athletes had increased likelihood of poor sleep as they aged. The poor sleep reported by athletes prior to competition was situational rather than a global sleep problem.
Poor sleep is common prior to major competitions in Australian athletes, yet most athletes are unaware of strategies to overcome the poor sleep experienced. It is essential coaches and scientists monitor and educate both individual and team sport athletes to facilitate sleep prior to important competitions.
许多运动员称在重要比赛前一晚睡眠质量较差。尽管睡眠被认为是最佳运动表现和整体健康的重要因素，但对于比赛期间运动员的睡眠情况了解甚少。本研究旨在确定运动员在比赛前的睡眠问题，并判断这些问题是否仅限于比赛期间。
横断面研究。
选取283名澳大利亚精英运动员（129名男性，157名女性，年龄24±5岁）作为样本，完成两份问卷：竞技运动与睡眠问卷和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷。
64.0%的运动员表示在过去12个月内，至少有一次在重要比赛前一晚睡眠较差。运动员指出的主要睡眠问题是入睡困难（82.1%），导致睡眠不佳的主要原因是对比赛的担忧（83.5%）和紧张（43.8%）。总体而言，59.1%的团队运动运动员表示没有克服睡眠不佳的策略，相比之下，个人项目运动员（32.7%，p=0.002）会采用放松和阅读等策略。随着年龄增长，个人项目运动员睡眠不佳的可能性增加。运动员在比赛前报告的睡眠不佳是情境性的，而非全局性的睡眠问题。
澳大利亚运动员在重大比赛前睡眠不佳的情况很常见，但大多数运动员不知道如何克服所经历的睡眠问题。教练和科研人员必须对个人项目和团队项目运动员进行监测和教育，以促进他们在重要比赛前的睡眠。
