Figueroba S R, Desjardins M P, Nani B D, Ferreira L E N, Rossi A C, Santos F A, Venâncio P C, Aguiar F H B, Groppo F C
Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Dentistry-Periodontology, Dental School - UEPG, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 May;52(5):438-44. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.02.009. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
Anxiolytic agents, mainly benzodiazepines, have been used to treat symptomatic disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Our aim was to evaluate the effect of diazepam on the TMJ of rats with increased occlusal vertical dimension (iOVD). Forty male rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control rats were given sham iOVD plus saline solution daily for 7 days. The first experimental group was given sham iOVD plus diazepam 2.5mg/kg/intramuscularly daily for 7 days (diazepam alone group); the second had iOVD induced in molars for 7 days plus saline daily for 7 days (iOVD alone group); and the third had iOVD induced in molars for 7 days plus diazepam 2.5mg/kg/intramuscularly daily for 7 days (iOVD plus diazepam group). At the end of each experiment the animals were killed and their bilateral TMJs were removed, randomly stained with haematoxylin and eosin and sirius-red, and immunoassayed. The thickness of condylar cartilage and of fibrous, proliferating, mature, and hypertrophic layers, number of collagen fibres, and the articular area were measured. Proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α) were also measured. ANOVA and Tukey's tests or the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare data among groups (α=5%). Condylar cartilage was thicker in the control group than in the other groups, the diazepam alone group being thicker than the other 2 experimental groups. There were fewer collagen fibres in the 2 groups given diazepam than in the other 2 groups, and there were no significant differences in the area of cartilage among groups. The controls had lower concentrations of all cytokines (p<0.05) than the 3 experimental groups, except for IL-6. Both iOVD groups had higher concentrations of IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6 than the diazepam alone group. Diazepam alone was associated with increased concentrations of all cytokines except IL-6. We conclude that both iOVD and diazepam induced significant changes in rats' articular cartilage.
抗焦虑药，主要是苯二氮䓬类药物，已被用于治疗颞下颌关节（TMJ）的症状性疾病。我们的目的是评估地西泮对咬合垂直距离增加（iOVD）大鼠颞下颌关节的影响。40只雄性大鼠被随机分为4组：对照组大鼠每日给予假iOVD加生理盐水，持续7天。第一实验组每日给予假iOVD加2.5mg/kg地西泮肌肉注射，持续7天（单独使用地西泮组）；第二组磨牙诱导iOVD 7天，每日加生理盐水，持续7天（单独iOVD组）；第三组磨牙诱导iOVD 7天，每日加2.5mg/kg地西泮肌肉注射，持续7天（iOVD加地西泮组）。在每个实验结束时，处死动物，取出其双侧颞下颌关节，随机用苏木精和伊红以及天狼星红染色，并进行免疫测定。测量髁突软骨厚度以及纤维层、增殖层、成熟层和肥大层的厚度、胶原纤维数量和关节面积。还测量了促炎细胞因子（白细胞介素（IL）-1α、IL-1β、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α）。使用方差分析和Tukey检验或Kruskal-Wallis检验比较组间数据（α=5%）。对照组的髁突软骨比其他组厚，单独使用地西泮组比其他2个实验组厚。给予地西泮的2组胶原纤维比其他2组少，各组软骨面积无显著差异。对照组所有细胞因子（p<0.05）的浓度均低于3个实验组，但IL-6除外。两个iOVD组的IL-1α、IL-1β和IL-6浓度均高于单独使用地西泮组。单独使用地西泮与除IL-6外的所有细胞因子浓度升高有关。我们得出结论，iOVD和地西泮均在大鼠关节软骨中引起了显著变化。
